PHYSICAL-MATEMATICAL SCIENCE. MECHANICS
Aim. In article the problem of influence of geometrical characteristics of elements of a steel concrete frame of the building on parameters of forms of natural oscillations of system is considered.
Methods. The finite and element model of an object in a program complex of ING + according to the spatial slabby and rod diagram is developed by the finite-element method. A slabby grillage, plates of overlapping and a covering, a wall and a diaphragm of rigidness were modelled by triangular cover elements with 18 levels of freedom and quadrangular cover elements with the 24th freedom levels. Columns were modelled by spatial rods with 12 levels of freedom. Spatial rigidness of a frame is provided with collaboration of columns, diaphragms of rigidness and plates of overlappings. The estimated diagram is developed taking into account rigid seal of columns, diaphragms of rigidness and walls in a monolithic slabby grillage.
Results. Seven versions of different project solutions of a frame of the multi-storey building are probed. In project decisions parameters of a transverse section of walls of the elevator shaft, diaphragms of cruelty and plates of overlappings varied. As a result of dynamic calculation in a program complex of ING + MKE are received the maximum relocation of the upper point of a plate of overlapping, frequency and the periods of natural oscillations.
Conclusion. The analysis of results of researches on regulation of forms and frequencies of natural oscillations of a frame of the building taking into account change of rigidities of elements of a frame is made. Results of dynamic calculation are reduced in plate, graphic and illustrative forms. Recommendations about a choice of version of project solutions of a frame of the building with optimum parameters of natural oscillations are made.
Aim.The article is devoted to solving the problem of finding metodoa seal a two phase soil layer under compression compression uniformly distributed load.
Methods.On estimated model of a continuous isotropic body with linear and hereditary creep in case of invariance of the environment and a persistence of coefficient of Poisson in time, and also taking into account different resilience of a skeleton of soil when multiplexing and demultiplexing the decision of the task of multiplexing of a layer of two-phase soil in case of compression is received by a uniformly distributed load. Special cases of the intense deformed status are considered.
Results.The analysis of the received decision shows that in case of a persistence in time of coefficient of Poisson of the environment, creep doesn't influence tension, and only affects deformation or relocation (settling) that corresponds to earlier set provisions. In case of a persistence of coefficient of Poisson the intense deformed status of the environment can be determined also by method of elastic analogy, solving the appropriate uprugomgnovenny problem. The solution of the equation for pore pressure is executed by Fourier method. According to the received analytical decision the flowchart and the program in Matlab packet with use of the built-in programming language of the Matlab system is made.
Conclusion. For two options of conditions of drainage calculation of function of pore pressure, function of a side raspor and level of consolidation of a layer taking into account and without creep is executed and their surfaces of distribution and a graphics of change are constructed.
Aim. The purpose of the real research also is consideration of a problem of creation in a blanket of a mirror of the working cylinder of the structure providing antiwear and antifrictional properties.
Methods. Opening of new forms of carbon - fullerenes and studying of their properties has channelized development of micromechanics of friction and wear on the basis of formation of new qualities of a blanket in couples of friction by saturation of its crystal structure by convex many-sided molecules of fullerenes, mainly to C60 and C70.
Results. In such cases the most acceptable will be technologies of drawing, for example – by means of a bezabrazivny honingovaniye (charging) of DVS cylinders. And new in this direction the fact that in this case the aim of introduction of fullerenes, by means of their diffusion, in a crystal lattice of a blanket of the detail which is exposed to friction and wear is pursued is important.
Conclusion. It is proved that the combination of temperature, barometric and intense factors at introduction of an implant in a blanket creates an opportunity to avoid during the operation of the engine of emergence of the thermoelastic forces seeking to push out bezabrazivny structure from hollows of a microrelief of rings and rest friction forces.
TECHICAL SCIENCE POWER, METALLURGICAL AND CHEMICAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Aim. The aim of this study is to develop one of the most perspective semiconductor device suitable for creation and improvement of controlled rectifiers, bipolar static induction transistor.
Methods. Considered are the structural and schematic circuit controlled rectifier based on bipolar static induction transistor (BSIT), and the criterion of effectiveness controlled rectifiers - equivalent to the voltage drop.
Results. Presented are the study results of controlled rectifier layout on BSIT KT698I. It sets the layout operation at an input voltage of 2.0 V at a frequency up to 750 kHz. The efficiency of the studied layouts at moderate current densities as high as 90 % .Offered is optimization of technological route microelectronic controlled rectifier manufacturing including BSIT and integrated bipolar elements of the scheme management.
Conclusion. It is proved that the most efficient use of the bipolar static induction transistor occurs at the low voltage controlled rectifiers 350-400 kHz, at frequencies in conjunction with a low-voltage control circuit.It is proved that the increase of the functional characteristics of the converters is connected to the expansion of the input voltage and output current ranges
Aim.The questions of electrical power quality increase at the enterprises are considered at this article; the analysis of methods and basic algorithm analyzer parameters are carried out based on the algorithm and hardware structure of the system to solve the problems related to the compensation of the reactive power at the enterprises.
Methods. The mathematical methods and algorithms formed the basis which allows analyzing the harmonic structure of the electrical signals it is allowed to calculate the expansion coefficients for the set of parameters to assess the quality of electricity supplied to consumers. To objective assessment of electric energy quality all the date are compared with the reference values of the GOST R 54149-2010, after all a complex assessment of the electrical energy quality is revealed.
Results. This development not only analyses the quality of electrical energy, but also differs from analogues by the presence of feedback and check to determine degree of impact on the power grid to recover the electrical signal by connecting compensation devices, which allows certain parameters of the electric network not to deviate from the regulated standards.
Conclusion. A distinctive feature of the algorithm is the speed and operation of the system in real time that allows to analyze at the same time the state of the network and to make instant impact Also the algorithm provides the opportunity to interact with technical staff to decide in the dialogue mode.
Aim. Proposed is the thermoelectric system for utilizing the heat emitted by electronic equipment, including thermal battery with consumable working substance and thermoelectric power generator. It is considered the thermal and mathematical model.
Methods.The model is built by solving the problem of calculation of melting processes and solidification of the working substance in the heat accumulator, characterization of a thermoelectric generator to convert the heat from electronics into electrical energy.
Results. Given are the results of numerical experiment on the developed models, presented as graphs that evaluate the duration of complete melting and solidification of the working agent depending on the power electronics, as well as the intensity of heat exchange with the environment.
Conclusion. Based on the efficiency generated by the temperature difference between the junctions of the thermoelectric power generator and its efficiency.
Aim. The article deals with the problem of constructing the power supply devices in the composition of the ship's secondary power systems based on standardized blocks and securing their thermal regime.
Methods. It is stated that with the advent of modern power electronics multifunctional components the secondary power supply developers got possibilities to improve the quality of secondary power supply and to upgrade the existing systems.
Results. The advantages of unified power units, having a function of parallel operation are revealed. Heat transfer processes in a vertical channel with free convection, and the calculation of the minimum width of the channel, which provides efficient heat removal have been analyzed.
Conclusion.A model is proposed for determining the minimum distance between the blocks without deterioration of heat transfer in the channel formed by the walls of adjacent blocks.
Aim. The etiology of neurological diseases caused by stress situations and other signs of technological progress is analyzed.
Methods. The methods of physical therapy effects on the human body used in therapeutic neurology, which are of high priority because of safety and noninvasiveness are investigated.
Results.The necessity of using thermoelectric converters in therapeutic neurology is proved. The design of the semiconductor thermoelectric device for massage with the detailed description of the working principle is suggested. The advantages of the developed design of the device are pointed out, consisting in high environmental safety, noiselessness, reliability, functionality, versatility. The mathematical model of the local thermal effects (criothermoapplicational) and the results of numerical experiment are considered.
Conclusion.The possibilities of combining in the device the functions of mechanical massage, heating, cooling, and magnetic effects.
Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the impact of structural and technological parameters on the resistance of the bipolar static induction transistor.
Methods. The paper provides a comparative analysis of the advantages of bipolar static induction transistor compared to the bipolar power transistors, MOSFETs and insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). Considered are structural and technological parameters that influence the resistance of BSIT-transistor.
Result. As a result of experimental study on silicon substrates were formed test prototypes of BSIT transistor structure, are presented calculation and experimental works. Obtained are the resistance dependencies of the transistor cell on the thickness of the epitaxial film; the resistance dependencies of BSIT transistor cell on the effective gate length for different values of the impurity concentration in the epitaxial film; dependencies resistance of the transistor cell on the gate length at different values of the epitaxial film thickness; the resistance dependencies of BSIT transistor cell on the distance between the mask for the p-region and the gate; dependencies on the multiplication the cell resistance by its area on the gate length.
Conclusion. When increasing the gate length (Lk) and the mask length for the p-region (lp +) in the transistor structure, the resistance decreases and the dependence of multiplication of the cell resistance by its area Q on the gate length has this case the minimum.
COMPUTER SCIENCE, COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
Aim. Assessment of damage to aquatic bioresources.
Methods.This article presents the results of testing of the simulation mathematical model of propagation of suspended particles to determine the areas of increased turbidity in the assessment of damage to Cherek River water biological resources because of Nizhne-Cherek HPS Cascade exploitation. In order to establish the basic characteristics of annual and seasonal runoff in the hydraulic structures dam locations on the river Cherek are used data on runoff in support hydrological dam locations of the Hydrometeorological Service, generalized in the reference book "Surface water resources."
Results. A mathematical model developed on the basis of probability theory and stochastic processes emissions theory, based on the normal law of distribution of horizontal and vertical components of the instantaneous flow velocity and Rayleigh law for the distribution of their peaks is used to calculate the " turbidity plume " in the washing of the head unit settler and deep washing of Kashkhatau HPS head unit.
Conclusion. The studies found that the negative impact of "turbidity plume" in the Cherek river will be traced for approximately 3 km.
Aim. Develop a way to define the rules of indexing elements of combinatorial matrix configurations.
Methods. Introduced are the proposed rules use examples during elements permutation of matrix combinatorial configurations defined are families of derived configurations, formed by the individual elements, provided the element location in each possible positions of the configuration, determined is the number of possible configurations forming variants with the specified index environment, forming separate families.
Results. This article provides a method of setting the rules combinatorial matrix configurations elements indexing in the form of functional indices dependencies of environment elements of an element in the configuration from element indices, considered as a «central». A general view of the functional dependence of the index of elements surrounding the indices of any configuration item, regarded as a «central» is presented. The concept of elements «index remoteness» and the index remoteness coefficient, defined are the limits of its values.
Conclusion. Permutations a predetermined environment indexing element may be considered as basic combinatorial configuration with which the reading of data by various algorithms can be arranged: in rows, in columns, in a deterministic or random routes that provides an additional increase in resistance disclosure.
Aim. In this paper we calculated the abscissa dynamics and ordinate of differences in latitude and analysis geodetic points coordinates in the ellipsoid coordinates into the conformal Gauss-Kruger projection. It is described the classical formula of conformal projection.
Methods. Coordinate transition from one system to another in geodesy is the most urgent task that we faces to every day. Currently, especially the use of satellite positioning systems, the measured values (pseudo) are converted into coordinates of positioning points of rectangular geocentric coordinate system X, Y, Z. Next, the points coordinates from this system are converted to geodetic coordinate system to a particular model of the ellipsoid B, L and H, then they are transferred to a flat, rectangular coordinate system x, y. Below are the classic formula and transition method from geodetic coordinate system to a space rectangular zonal system in conformal Gauss-Kruger projection are given.
Results. In order visualization of the translation coordinate computation results are given graphically according to latitude one degree. From given calculation that the difference between the x-points have a linear positive trend on the mid-latitudes and the positive and negative non-linear dynamics of the equator to the pole, respectively. The linearity of the negative dynamics of the ordinate differences from the equator to middle latitudes and on the northern latitudes, these differences have a nonlinear negative.
Conclusion. It is found that only a rectangular coordinate on the plane, being well isometric create a network of equal squares.
BUILDING AND ARCHITECTURE
Aim.The task of reducing the deflection and increase the rigidity of single-span beams are made. In the article the calculation algorithm for truss crane girders is determined.
Methods. To identify the internal effort required for the selection of cross section elements the design uses the Green's function.
Results. It was found that the simplest truss system reduces deflection and increases the strength of design. The upper crossbar is subjected not only to bending and shear and compression work due to tightening tension. Preliminary determination of the geometrical characteristics of the crane farms elements are offered to make a comparison with previous similar configuration of his farms, using a simple approximate calculation methods.
Conclusion.The method of sequential movements (incrementally) the two bridge cranes along the length of the upper crossbar truss beams is suggested. We give the corresponding formulas and conditions of safety.
Aim. In article on the basis of the modern data given analysis and previous geological and geophysical information are marked the prospects of subsurface oil and gas content on the territory Dagestan Plain.
Methods. A brief history geological development and seismostratigraphic characteristics of the region are presented. Determined is the formation of the potential trap.
Results. It is presented the results of AVO-analysis. It was found that the accuracy of the forecast of oil and gas potential on the results of AVO-analysis determined depth of the research object and the nature of its hydrocarbon saturation. The magnitude of the deviation values of AVO-analysis parameters can predict gas and oil and gas saturation.
Conclusion. The proposed strategy of «analogue» development Dagestan sector of the Caspian sea shelf.
Aim. The oil (artificial) bitumens, got by conversion of the oil cheese, are broadly used in the road construction. The track record of the development road covering, studies, bound with improvement their characteristic and development of the competitions among technology is presented in this article.
Methods. Nowdays the modern developments in the field of production bitumen road marks are implemented using such technological-go acceptance as chemical actuated heavy oil cheese, which principles are based on regulation of the energybetween molecular interactions and optimization their dimensionality, allowing raise quality bitumen.
Results. Adjusting the depth of recovery of the oxidized product, it is possible to obtain different composition, plasticity and heat resistance of the bitumen. The residual bitumen obtained by two-stage oxidation with subsequent vacuum distillation of the oxidized product comply with GOST 60/90. Vacuum gas oil in the production of residual bitumen corresponds to the motor fuel for marine installations.
Conclusion. Today, the bitumen production leaves on positions packed-valuable segment oil processing industry. The Main customer roads - a state. Herewith important role as ideologues of the development of the culture road construction plays the Federal road agency, supporting developing competition amongst leading technology. Introduction new technology at conversion remaining component oils, founded on do active cheese to account physical and chemical of the influence, with using the modern equipment, including equipment, using subject to influence effects, ultrasonic and electro-magnetic fields, and others, allows to get the qualitative road bitumens from majority of the oils, scanned earlier unfit for production bitumen.
Aim. The article is devoted to theoretical studies given characteristics of the discrete aggregate with octagonal, diamond-shaped, round or square shape of the cell.
Methods. At the present time it was determined that in many sandwich constructions the discrete honeycomb are begun to apply. The geometric shape of the cross-sections of discrete aggregates is very varied. However, studies related to the definition of the above characteristics of discrete aggregates, to select the optimal form, is not enough.
Results. It was found that the mechanical characteristics of the discrete filler filling factor are depended on the cell.
Conclusion. It was proved that the ultimate tensile compression fillers along Z axis at the same height perimeter secheniyai depends mainly on the ratio of the fill factor and cell sizes, with the highest crush strength has a diamond-shaped cell.
Aim. The analysis of the using common wall materials for a given heat resistance is presented in the article.
Methods. In the result of thermal calculation of multilayer walls is shown that to ensure the required resistance of heat transfer is more effective in thermal insulation is foam.
Results. It was found that to obtain a foam concrete with low density is necessary to obtain multiple mixture and increase the duration by mixing the foam concrete mix in the foam concrete mixer. The calculations showed that for providing the required resistance to heat transfer foam is more efficient in certain cases. Experimental studies have shown that using of mechanical activation of the dry mix (cement and local aggregates, expanded perlite) can increase the compressive strength of foam concrete. Studies have shown that the use of local raw materials and industrial wastes reduces the cost heat insulation’s products while maintaining the desired properties of the foam.
Conclusion. It was experimentally established that the addition of fibres the compressive strength of foam concrete increases by 10,5 %. As a result of researches it was established that increasing the content of superplasticizer C-3 increases the strength characteristics of foam concrete mixed binder.
Aim. The article presents the results of a study of heat-resistant binder based on Portland cement with the addition of a local mill ground minerals.
Methods. Activation is carried out on a planetary mill "Activator - 4M". Activation of the binder increases the strength of heat-resistant concrete by increasing the reactivity bundles "Portland is the active fine additive" to the mechano-chemical additive.
Results. It is determined that the mill ground additives result in the formation of low-melting and thereby reduce the temperature of the use of heat-resistant concrete with Portland cement binder.
Conclusion. It is proved that high mechanochemical strength refractory concrete samples on activated binder is caused by the process of increasing the chemical activity of the materials included in a bundle of "Portland cement is the active fine additive" which creates favorable conditions for hardening of heat-resistant concrete.
Aim.The results of experimental studies produce siliсatеsodium composite binder of calcareous stone sawing waste, anhydrous sodium silicate, and based on them wood concrete using as an organic filler vine cuttings for the production of heat-insulating, heat-insulating, structural and structural wall material.
Methods.The main technological operations of the developed arbalitconcrete are given : preparation of a composite binder; production of organic filler from the vine; preparation of arbolit concrete mass; formation of arbolit concrete mass; low-temperature treatment (drying).
Results. It is found that the composite binder derived from waste stone sawing and anhydrous sodium silicate at their joint fine grinding (Ssp = 3000 cm2 / g), acquires binding properties and with the appropriate seal and heat treatment hardens and gains strength characteristics sufficient for making arbolitconcrete using crushed vine.
Conclusion. It was determined that arbolitobeton obtained on the basis of the crushed vine and silikatnatrievogo composite binder strength exceeds arbolitobetona from other types of binders and organic fillers of vegetable origin.
Aim. The paper considers the issues associated with the development of formulations of self-compacting concrete.
Methods. The basis of the preparation of such concrete is necessary to use effective modern modifiers that improve the rheological properties of the concrete mix and promote enhancement of its physical - mechanical parameters, and fine mineral powders of natural origin. Particular attention is paid to aggregate the results of obtaining graded aggregate obtained by mixing large and small Alagir Chervlensk sand.
Results. Cements studied various manufacturers have been allocated the most appropriate of them, it is Portland cement CEM I 42,5N «Chechensemen» and «Novoroscement». Crushed granite was used from diabase rock fractions of 5-20 mm, which was purchased for testing of the RNO-Alaniya. Developed formulations self-compacting concrete, characterized by an intensive set of concrete strength in the early days of its hardening: at the age of 7 days RSZH concrete reaches up to 80% of project strength.
Conclusion. The results of the research in this area showed that the raw material potential of North Caucasus Federal District produces selfcompacting concrete class B 25 and B90 and later for monolithic construction, including high-rise.
ECONOMIC SCIENCE
Aim. The aim is to disclose and group the factors influencing the management processes reengineering at the enterprise.
Methods. The paper is based on the methods of grouping, survey, system and logic analysis.
Result. The complex of main factors reengineering which play a defining role in the management processes reengineering efficiency at the enterprise is systematized. The factors are given as four blocks on different activity directions stipulating high efficiency and enterprise development dynamics at any root reforms and management processes improvement. Special attention of the management processes reengineering efficiency is paid to personnel factors of reengineering success. A form of teaching as innovative-oriented individual retraining of specialists and executives of the enterprise with corresponding recommendations on the organization is proposed. The questionnaire has been worked out and the survey has been held to reveal the department manager’s work content.
Conclusion. The main factors complex classification of the management processes reengineering at the enterprise creates a conceptual basis to provide efficiency of the management processes improvement methods at the enterprise.
Aim. The research is aimed at increase and support of competitive level of the enterprise on the basis of optimizing management.
Methods. The measures on the resource potential management quality increase with the use of modern methods and principles are considered in the article. While working out the resource potential management methodology it is considered as a multiaspect system, providing interaction of the enterprise by means of the environment management strategies including market, ecological and social components.
Results. The main problems and development tendencies of building are revealed in the paper by the authors as well as the necessity of efficiency increase of the building enterprise resource potential use in the conditions of dynamically changing environment is stipulated. The model of increase of the building enterprise resource potential competitiveness based on the methods of resource potential development planning and strategic resource potential management is proposed.
Conclusion. The efficiency increase of material and technical resources lies in the rise of the quality level and its involvement into production process.
Aim. The topicality of the research is stipulated by the objective necessity of the organizational and economic mechanism improvement of the state support projects of the industrial building. The aim of the research is the development of conceptual provisions and methodological foundations of financial projects creating conditions for economic growth of Russia based on the construction and putting into effect industrial objects.
Methods. In the course of the research the system, subject-functional and structural approaches were implemented to solve the problems set widening the scope of the complex approach to assessment of the current operating mechanism of the state financial support of the projects and financial volume; to criteria stipulation of the most effective projects contest selection: to the search of the investment resources accumulation instrument into industrial building.
Results. It is stipulated that state investment policy in industrial building mechanism oriented to define rational investment volumes and their branch, reproductive, technological and territorial structure; option of the building branch development priority; increase of the investment projects efficiency realization. The dynamics of the state support in the form of subsidies and budget investments into creation of the industrial building objects is analytically summarized. It is determined that the peculiarity of the modern state support projects of industrial building is transition from budget allocations distribution between branches and regions to selective and partial financing of specific investment projects on competitive basis. Some tactics of state and private partnership attracting private capital without losing strategic state control under systems and objects are defined. As an effective form of the industrial building support projects it is proposed to use a concession model form: projecting - building- financing- ownership - exploitation.
Conclusion. The state support projects system of the industrial building provides the realization of all concerned people's economic interests at all stages of creating, realizing, crediting, contracts concluding and objects commissioning. The concession support model allows the state to get a number of advantages solving the problem of budget load reduction by attracting private capital. The state support forms development of industrial building promotes the competitive industrial base forming the prospect of the stable economic growth in Russia. The work has been done in the frameworks of the state order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 2916 «Development of the organizational-economic mechanism of effective development of economic sectors».
ISSN 2542-095X (Online)