Objective. The aim of the study is to determine the boundary conditions for the efficient operation of a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine operating on geothermal water.
Method. The study is based on thermodynamic analysis methods.
Result. A mathematical model based on mass and energy conservation laws for the generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, and solution heat exchanger is developed. The simulation covers geothermal water inlet temperatures from 70 to 110°C, with constant cooling water and chilled water parameters. The study investigates the impact of the heat source temperature on the generator load, cooling capacity, and the coefficient of performance (COP). The results indicate that raising the driving temperature from 70 to 110°C improves the COP from 0.52 to 0.81. A sharp decline in performance is observed below 75°C due to poor vapor generation conditions. Optimal flow rate ratios between the geothermal fluid and the chilled water are identified to maximize cooling output. Incorporating a solution heat exchanger enhances the COP by 40-45% compared to a basic cycle.
Conclusion. The findings provide practical guidance for designing efficient geothermal cooling systems and selecting appropriate operational strategies.

Objective. The purpose of this study is to develop a calculation method for devices with in-tube ice freezing for the design of energy-efficient devices operating under ice formation conditions. It is necessary to determine the ice layer growth rate, which is a non-stationary thermophysical problem that requires in consideration of the increase in the thermal resistance of the ice layer over time.
Method. The study is based on methods of thermodynamic analysis of cryogenic engineering processes and objects.
Result. The results of the study demonstrate satisfactory agreement between the calculated and experimental data.
Conclusion. The presented method can be used for calculating volumetric cryocencentrators, as well as other equipment operating under ice formation conditions on the inner cylindrical surface.

Objective. The study aims to identify the relationship between the quality of education in general educational institutions and students' cognitive and personality traits, as well as parameters of the educational environment, with the goal of developing a tool for forecasting and adjusting subject-specific learning outcomes.
Method. Based on surveys of participants in the educational process at the online school «Dom Znaniy» (House of Knowledge), a database comprising over 1.3 million records across 315 parameters was compiled. After filtering, 218 significant indicators were retained. An original iterative method utilizing neural networks was applied to restore missing data, and a novel approach based on decision trees was proposed for vectorizing categorical features. An artificial neural network was trained on data from 2022–2023 to forecast subject learning outcomes.
Results. A neural network was developed capable of predicting students' subject-specific results for the upcoming academic year with an error margin of less than four percent. All 218 parameters were ranked by their influence on academic performance, and the quantitative relationship of each parameter to the final grade was established. A user interface was created enabling parents to simulate changes in educational environment parameters and a child's personal characteristics to achieve target educational outcomes.
Conclusion. The proposed approach enables a transition from reactive, exam-focused preparation for state final certification to proactive management of the educational trajectory, resulting in a 10-point increase in the average Unified State Exam (USE) score. Future development of the project includes automating parameter collection using artificial intelligence technologies.

Objective. The paper considers the problem of modeling the movement of a dynamic object to given points in 3D space, including targets on some functional trajectory of some external function f (x). The solution to the problem lies in calculating the control, the control action included in the mathematical description of ordinary differential equations, forcing the solution of differential equations to achieve the specified goals in 3D space.
Method. Numerical methods for solving ordinary stationary differential equations are used. In particular, the fourthorder Runge-Kutta method, which is included in a number of programming environments and languages, including Python. The article examines methods and techniques for forming a threedimensional space and displaying a dynamic object at specified or arbitrary points.
Result. Using model examples of linear and nonlinear dynamic objects, the possibility of deriving them from the initial point of the state vector to fairly arbitrary points or targets in 3D space is demonstrated. Model objects may be asymptotically stable or not.
Conclusion. Methods and techniques make it possible to transfer dynamic control objects to specified points in 3D space. In a number of cases of outputting dynamic objects to specified targets in 3D space, it becomes necessary to change the parameters of dynamic object models, both linear and nonlinear.

Objective. This work is devoted to overcoming high requirements for computational resources and RAM volume through the development of effective optimization methods for generative adversarial networks, adapted for generating electrocardiogram signals.
Method. The work employed methods of deep learning generative adversarial networks, electrocardiogram signal processing techniques, and implementations of adaptive quantization of weight coefficients for searching the optimal quantization level to reduce memory consumption while maintaining data synthesis quality.
Result. Based on experiments, a proprietary architecture of a generative adversarial network for synthesizing electrocardiogram signals was developed and trained. Comparative analysis of the Fréchet Distance metric confirmed high similarity between generated data and real ECG recordings. The developed adaptive quantization method AGWR achieved a 75% reduction in RAM consumption while maintaining synthesis quality, outperforming the traditional Min-Max approach even at extreme weight compression to 4 bits.
Conclusion. The work overcomes the computational resource limitations of GANs, opening opportunities for practical implementation in medical systems with constrained hardware. The technique helps fill the gap in clinical data, accelerating the development of intelligent diagnostic tools and personalized medicine in cardiovascular pathology.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for the comparative performance evaluation of virtualization technologies for Business Intelligence system web interfaces.
Method. Analysis of existing approaches to web application performance evaluation. Comparative assessment of key performance metrics and development of the integral BI Performance Index (BIPI) for business intelligence tasks.
Result. A discrepancy between standard performance metrics and the specifics of BI systems has been established. An evaluation methodology has been developed, including a system of weighted metrics and an algorithm for calculating the integral indicator. For the comparative evaluation of virtualization technologies in BI system interfaces, a methodology based on a specialized set of metrics (FPS, RAM consumption, number of DOM nodes, First Contentful Paint, and Input Latency) and the integral BI-Performance Index is proposed.
Conclusion. The application of the methodology makes it possible to identify performance bottlenecks and reasonably select solutions that ensure interface smoothness, operational stability, and minimal response delay. Further research will be aimed at conducting a comparative analysis of existing virtualization solutions using the developed methodology.

Objective. To enhance the actual security of automated police systems, it is necessary to identify, systematize, and comprehensively analyze typical phishing-related information security threats aimed at compromising the components of these systems and misleading operators and users.
Method. The solution method is a comprehensive analysis of typical information security threats in automated police systems, implemented using fake websites through phishing attacks.
Result. Based on an analysis of the information security threat database developed by the Federal Service for Technical and Export Control of Russia, as well as the operational characteristics of modern automated police systems, information on the nature of phishing attacks and their technical characteristics, and the results of a survey of information security specialists in departmental automated police systems, typical information security threats implemented through phishing attacks were identified. An analysis of the identified information security threats was conducted, taking into account their sources, targets, exploited vulnerabilities of automated police system components, and the potential consequences of their implementation.
Conclusion. The results are planned to be used in further research for a quantitative assessment of the risks of implementing information security threats using fake websites, taking into account the time factor and the extent of information damage, in order to identify priority scenarios for their implementation and justify the choice of information security measures in the AS OVD.

Objective. The aim of the study is to develop technologies and methods for biometric identification and authentication based on behavioral biometric characteristics (gait characteristics, hand gestures), ensuring higher accuracy, security, and convenience.
Method. The study is based on instrumental analysis methods and the cross-correlation method for assessing the degree of similarity of two signals at various time shifts.
Result. An algorithm for biometric identification of a person by gait is presented. The use of the presented algorithm allows for normalization and filtering of data to remove noise, as well as subsequent identification of unique characteristics of the user's movements. The use of an accelerometer and gyroscope for collecting accurate data and recording spatiotemporal parameters of steps in real time is proposed.
Conclusion. Practical implementation of the algorithm requires an integrated approach, including both hardware and methods for signal processing and data analysis.

Objective. The purpose of this work is to develop and substantiate a mathematical model for evaluating the probabilistic and temporal characteristics of information security software systems (ISSS) in the process of monitoring their effectiveness.
Method. A mathematical framework based on finite semi-Markov processes (FSPs) is proposed as a solution to the problem. This allows for an adequate description of the stochastic nature of the functioning of the PSSI and takes into account the distribution of the system's dwell time in various states.
Result. A mathematical model for assessing the probabilistic-temporal characteristics of a security system (PSS), based on the KPP framework, is proposed. The model adequately describes the stochastic nature of PSS operation and accounts for arbitrary laws of operation time distribution. A quantitative performance indicator is introduced, defined as the probability of performing protective functions within a time limit not exceeding the maximum permissible time. To analytically calculate this indicator, the system of integral equations describing the PPS dynamics is reduced to a system of linear algebraic equations solved using the Gaussian method using the Laplace-Stieltjes transform.
Conclusion. This approach ensures analytical analysis of the probabilistic and temporal characteristics of security systems. A system of linear equations allows for calculating the integrated system performance indicator without simulation, which is valuable for operational monitoring. The method can be easily algorithmized and integrated into automated monitoring tools for secure automated systems.

Objective. Development of an intelligent system architecture based on fuzzy logic to enhance the operational reliability and diagnostic efficiency of gas transmission system (GTS) facilities – main gas pipelines and gas distribution stations (GDS).
Method. The theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy inference was used as the core methodological framework. The methodology includes the stages of fuzzification of input data, application of a knowledge base of fuzzy production rules that formalize expert knowledge, aggregation of results, and defuzzification to obtain quantitative assessments of technical condition.
Result. The study developed and tested a multilevel architecture of an intelligent diagnostic system, integrating sequentially connected modules for primary data acquisition, preprocessing, fuzzy inference, and knowledge base. Within the system, fuzzy production rule bases for diagnosing the GDS filter-separator and comprehensively assessing the technical condition of main gas pipeline sections were formalized and verified. It was experimentally confirmed that the implemented approach increases the reliability of diagnostic conclusions by 25–30% through the use of mechanisms for processing noisy data and linguistic descriptions, enables early identification of incident states at the pre-failure stage, and ensures effective formalization of expert empirical knowledge. It has been established that the system's implementation creates a methodological basis for transitioning from scheduled maintenance to a condition-based maintenance (CBM) strategy.
Conclusion. The use of fuzzy logic is an effective approach for creating diagnostic and monitoring systems for technologically complex GTS facilities operating under uncertainty. Future development of the system is associated with the creation of hybrid neuro-fuzzy models for self-learning and the development of digital twins of equipment.

Objective. The paper investigates the impact of pipelining on the efficiency of Hamming code implementation in FPGA devices. Pipelining is considered as a method to increase the speed of operation for modules implementing error-correcting algorithms.
Method. An empirical analysis was conducted to evaluate both the performance speed and hardware requirements of various implementations of Hamming codes on FPGAs. During this study, attention was given to resources consumed by the FPGA and the maximum clock frequency at which the module operates correctly.
Result. Pipelining has significantly optimized the implementation of Hamming codes.
Conclusion. Pipelining proves to be an effective optimization technique when properly selecting pipeline depth for the Hamming code realization.

Objective. This article provides a comprehensive comparative review of the leading tools used for processing big data in the Apache Hadoop ecosystem, with the aim of providing organizations with criteria for selecting the optimal solution for different types of workloads. The relevance of this research is driven by the fact that modern businesses require the analysis of data of all shapes and sizes, including structured and unstructured data, in order to gain a better understanding of their products, customers, and markets. The increasing volume, velocity, and variety of data (Big Data) has led to the need for specialized platforms to handle it. The Apache Hive instability issue is a key architectural challenge, as Hive is the most resource-intensive when performing identical tasks with Spark, as it starts processing input data without pre-analyzing it.
Method. A review of sources covering a wide range of tools and architectural solutions for processing big data in the Apache Hadoop ecosystem and beyond. The review included specialized scientific articles, technical guides, experimental research results, and industry analysis reports. The proposed methodology combines a comparative analysis of existing approaches and a comprehensive methodology for choosing optimal tools and architectural solutions for processing big data.
Result. The analyzed characteristics of Cloudera Impala and Apache Hive allow us to conclude that these SQL tools for analytical data processing, in the Hadoop ecosystem, complement each other.
Conclusion. It is premature to completely replace Apache Spark with Flink due to the potential need for additional infrastructure, but Flink is a viable solution for tasks that require minimal response time.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to investigate a multi-criteria conflict between organizational and technical systems using the situational center of the internal affairs agencies as an example. The study aims to analyze and optimize the interaction of system components to improve its efficiency.
Method. The study is based on mathematical modeling methods based on conflict theory, construction of a G-interaction multigraph, calculation of weighted average balance scores, and software implementation of the assessment methodology.
Result. Conflict interactions between subsystems have been proven to predominate in the structure of the organizational and technical system under study. It has been revealed that the system elements are unable to effectively coordinate their actions to achieve common goals, which significantly reduces its performance. Conflict mitigation strategies are proposed, including the identification of critical performance indicators and structural and parametric modification of the system.
Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate the need to improve the mechanisms of interaction between system elements. The developed methodology and software can be used for further research in this area.

Objective. The article presents an innovative approach to optimizing the parameters of automatic regulators for nuclear power plant units using high-precision analytical simulators. The study addresses a key challenge in modern power engineering - improving the efficiency and reliability of automatic control systems while reducing commissioning timelines.
Method. Unlike traditional Cohen-Coon and Skogestad methods based on simplified models, the proposed methodology employs comprehensive mathematical models that accurately reproduce physical processes in actual equipment. The experimental part of the research was conducted on the specialized UMICON software-hardware complex, simulating power unit operation with various dynamic characteristics. A first-order system with parameters K=1, τ=7 s, θ=0.3 s served as the test object, enabling statistically significant results with 0.95 confidence probability. Particular attention was given to model verification and testing solution stability across a wide range of operating modes.
Result. The advantages of the new approach have been proven: the setpoint acquisition time has been reduced to 20 seconds (15-20% better than traditional methods), overshoot has been eliminated (0% versus 25-30% with the Cohen-Kuhn method), and an optimal transient damping ratio of ψ≥0.85 has been achieved. A significant achievement is the method's versatility, ensuring stable operation with both analog and digital control systems with an error of no more than 3%.
Conclusion. The practical significance of the results is confirmed by the possibility of reducing commissioning time by 25-30% while simultaneously improving control accuracy. The results open up prospects for the development of intelligent control systems that adapt to changing equipment parameters in real time. The method is recommended for implementation at modern NPP units as an effective solution for complex nuclear energy processes.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop a method for logging the results of certification tests of an automated system in a secure design, reflecting the necessary and sufficient measures to verify information security requirements depending on the established security level of the system. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time, based on the analysis of scientific papers and current regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, a general methodological approach has been formulated and put into practice, and a methodology for logging certification tests of automated systems in secure execution has been created.
Method. The following methods of scientific knowledge are used: description, analysis, systematization, assessment of information security risks, theory of information protection.
Result. Using the Linux system as an example, this article substantiates the methods for conducting certification tests and describes the results confirming the automated system's compliance with information security requirements. It also provides a rationale for the list of software controls used to assess the security of the system under test. The material covers the necessary checks for antivirus software and protection against unauthorized access, as well as requirements for certification testing of virtualization protection systems and testing of telecommunications equipment.
Conclusion. The method presented in this paper can be used in conducting certification tests of various automated systems. It will make it possible to demonstrate the system's compliance with current information security requirements as clearly as possible and significantly reduce the time required for the development of certification documents, thereby reducing the cost of certification work.

Objective. The article is devoted to the urgent problem of ensuring the security of biometric personal data processed in airport information systems. The purpose of the research is to develop a hierarchical cryptographic key management system capable of providing cryptographic flexibility, effective key rotation, and irreversible encryption of biometric data in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 152-FZ "On Personal Data" and the regulations of the FSTEC of Russia.
Method. The methodological basis of the study was the current standards in the field of information security (GOST R ISO/IEC 27001-2021) and the FSTEC methodology for identifying current threats. Architecture development is based on a three-level hierarchy of keys (Root Key, KEK, DEK) with keys divided into data categories. The software implementation of the encryption module is made in Python using the PyCryptodome cryptographic library, which implements the AES-256-GCM algorithm, which ensures confidentiality, integrity and authenticity of data.
Result. During the study, a three-level key management system was developed and tested, which minimizes the scale of damage caused by compromise by using unique DEK keys for each passenger. Performance testing showed high data processing speed: encryption of 1 MB of biometric information is performed in 6.88 ms, which allows the system to process up to 100 registrations per second on a single server. The proposed architecture provides the ability to rotate keys without reencrypting the entire data array.
Conclusion. The hierarchical cryptographic key management system complies with Russian legislation on personal data and demonstrates high performance for use in highload airport environments. Further research includes integration with certified Russian-made hardware security modules (HSMs), the implementation of post-quantum cryptographic algorithms, and the use of distributed ledger technology to ensure the immutability of audit logs.

Objective. The article considers a mathematical approach to analyzing the probability of attacks being neutralized by the operating system (hereinafter referred to as the OS) of automated systems of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the ATS of the Russian Federation). The methodological approach is based on calculating the probability of neutralizing attacks over a certain time interval.
Method. The research is based on methods of probability theory and differential equations, as well as an analysis of various sources of scientific literature and publications.
Result. A mathematical approach to the analysis of the probability of neutralizing attacks by the OS of the ATS of the Russian Federation is proposed. Using a practical example, the probability of neutralization of attacks by the OS of the ATS of the Russian Federation was calculated.
Conclusion. Based on the calculations performed, the authors propose possible ways to improve OS security.

Objective. The aim of the study is to develop a method based on a combination of L.V. Kantorovich and Ritz methods for calculating the stress-strain state of ribbed plates taking into account shear strains.
Method. The mathematical model is constructed based on the functional of the total potential energy of deformation. The solution is based on reducing the dimensionality of the two-dimensional problem to a one-dimensional one using L.V. Kantorovich's method and then applying the Ritz method for discrete approximation of displacements.
Result. In L.V. Kantorovich's method, it is proposed to obtain approximating functions from the calculation of a system of differential equations for the Timoshenko beam. In the Ritz method, for discrete approximation of displacements, the one-dimensional domain is divided into integration sections, and the stiffeners are taken into account using Dirac delta functions or unit columnar functions. Expressions for obtaining bending and shear stiffness for solid-wall and truss-type ribs are presented. Numerical experiments are conducted on several rib types with different heights and compared with the finite element method.
Conclusion. It is concluded that the developed method and the finite element method agree well for displacements, bending moments, and longitudinal forces in the ribs. It is found that the developed method yields more conservative values for shear forces at supports.

Objective. The objective of the study is to establish quantitative relationships between the parameters of a two-stage technology for bitumen modification with crumb rubber, the features of the formed microstructure, and the physico-mechanical properties of the composite material to improve the quality of road binders.
Method. The work employed the method of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for a comprehensive study of the microstructure of bitumen modified with crumb rubber using a two-stage technology, which includes a stage of preliminary rubber swelling. Topographic scanning and phase contrast modes were used to analyze surface morphology, phase distribution, and local mechanical properties.
Result. The article presents the results of a study of the microstructure of modified bitumen. The two-stage technology ensures the formation of a stable heterogeneous structure with a uniform distribution of rubber crumb particles measuring 0.5–2.0 μm in size within the bitumen matrix. A 3–5-fold increase in surface roughness was revealed compared to the original bitumen. Using the phase contrast method, the components of the composite (bitumen matrix and elastic rubber particles) were identified, and the quality of interphase interaction was assessed. The optimal rubber crumb content was determined to be 12–15% of the bitumen mass. Quantitative correlations were established: an increase in the dispersion of rubber particles by 25–30% leads to an increase in elasticity by 15–20%. The modification increases crack resistance by 25–30% and rutting resistance by 20–25%.
Conclusion. A two-stage process for modifying bitumen with rubber crumbs promotes the formation of a homogeneous heterogeneous structure with uniformly distributed elastic particles, creating a dispersed reinforcing framework. This results in a binder with improved physical and mechanical properties: increased temperature stability, elasticity, crack resistance, and rutting resistance, which is aimed at increasing the durability of road surfaces. The AFM method has proven its effectiveness in designing modified bitumen compositions with specified properties.

Objective. This study presents the development and verification of a computational method for predicting indoor air temperature during emergency heating shutdowns. The aim of the study is to verify the correctness of a digital tool designed to calculate the indoor temperature regime, the rate of air temperature drop and heat losses under intermittent energy supply conditions, taking into account the heat-storage properties of enclosing structures and heating system components.
Method. The methodological basis is the theory of thermal stability and the law of regular thermal conditions of the first kind, which describes the cooling process of heating system elements and enclosing structures. The software algorithm consists of two blocks that process the geometric, thermophysical, and operational parameters of the room, external enclosures, and heating system. The software is designed for research and engineering calculations.
Result. The developed tool was tested to determine indoor air temperature in both dimensional and nondimensional forms, the rate of temperature drop and heat losses during the room cooling period. Testing confirmed the stability of calculations and their consistency with the physical heat transfer model.
Conclusion. The novelty lies in the algorithmic integration of air cooling processes, building envelopes, and the heating system within a single software and computing approach. The method automates calculations of room temperature conditions during heating system outages and is designed to analyze the reliability, energy efficiency, and operational sustainability of buildings.

Objective. The objective of this study is to improve technologies and mechanization for combating snow drifts and ice in the Donbas region by using technology and anti-icing materials adapted to the region's climatic conditions and ensuring minimal environmental impact, specifically, by optimizing the use of anti-icing mixtures.
Method. Experimental, computational, and analytical methods enabled the following results and conclusions to be reached.
Result. New methods for streamlining the preparation of anti-icing mixtures, distributing materials, and expanding the use of existing equipment are considered. A method for quickly calculating the composition of anti-icing mixture components is proposed.
Conclusion. The data obtained serve as a basis for further implementation of effective and environmentally balanced technologies for improving safety, in particular, the rational use of deicing materials and operational calculations for forming deicing mixtures with a balanced composition.

Objective. This work is devoted to a quantitative assessment of the effect of internal prestressing of reinforcement on the stress-strain state and load-bearing capacity of a thick-walled cylindrical shell.
Method. The study is carried out through a computational experiment using the finite element method in an axisymmetric formulation. The physical nonlinearity of concrete is described by the Sargin diagram, the parameters of which are verified according to Eurocode 2 data.
Result. An iterative algorithm based on the method of variable elasticity has been developed for correcting the secant modulus of concrete deformations. The reinforcement is modeled discretely, and the prestressing effect is specified as initial stresses in the reinforcement elements. The modeling results showed that for a cylinder made of B40 concrete with a reinforcement percentage of 3.11%, failure under internal pressure is of a deformation nature and is associated with reaching ultimate tensile strains in the concrete, rather than with the exhaustion of compressive strength. The ultimate internal pressure for a non-stressed structure is 0.55 MPa. A hoop prestressing threshold of 265 MPa has been determined. Exceeding this threshold causes unacceptable tensile stresses in concrete even before the initial operational phase. It has been shown that the optimal hoop prestressing level of 250 MPa allows for doubling the ultimate internal pressure to 1.1 MPa.
Conclusion. The developed numerical model and calculation algorithm enable predicting the behavior of reinforced concrete structures, taking into account the actual properties of materials and process factors. The obtained results demonstrate the high effectiveness of prestressing for thick-walled cylinders and highlight the need to control not only the strength but also the deformation criteria of concrete failure.

Objective. Polymer cement concrete holds promise for construction in the Far North, as it improves the durability and reliability of structures in extreme climates. The relevance of the problem of selecting repair mortars in construction is due to the deterioration of concrete structures. This article examines polymer cement concrete as a new class of building materials.
Method. The study is based on the theory of strength formation and failure of composite building materials.
Result. Polymer cement concrete is a composite in which the concrete base is modified with a polymer matrix. Experiments have shown that high-strength polymer cement composite significantly exceeds conventional cement stone in compressive strength (1.75 times at a water/cement ratio of 0.4). Practical application of this material requires optimization of curing conditions and, possibly, the use of accelerators.
Conclusion. The use of polymer cement concrete for repair and restoration work can significantly increase the service life of structures and optimize construction processes. Its distinctive features are high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, resistance to aggressive environments and high adhesion to concrete surfaces.

Objective. The aim of the study was to create modern, effective finishing materials with high performance, physical, mechanical, and environmentally friendly properties.
Method. Methods for shaping the strength of composite building materials with a multicomponent structure were used.
Result. The introduction of polymer additives improved the key strength parameters of the material: flexural strength increased by 10-15 times, and compressive strength increased by 5-7 times.
Conclusion. The introduction of highly effective modifying additives increases the durability of materials by specifically altering their internal structure. Installation compounds produced using modified polymer carbonate binders are characterized by high plasticity and improved workability. The adhesion properties of the material can be improved by incorporating polymer components such as carboxymethyl cellulose.

Objective. Development of a method for calculating the thermal stress state in a reinforced concrete tank wall during continuous concreting in slipform, taking into account the thermophysical and mechanical characteristics, as well as the kinetics of heat generation and concrete strength gain.
Method. The study was conducted in a two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation using the finite element method. Convective heat exchange with the environment, internal heat release according to the empirical curve, temperature deformations, shrinkage, and changes in the elastic modulus and strength of concrete over time are considered. The calculations were implemented in MATLAB with sequential activation of elements during concreting.
Result. Temperature and stress distributions were obtained for two seasons (July and September). The maximum temperature difference across the wall thickness was 18–19°C. It was found that in the support zone of the rigid connection between the wall and the foundation, the hoop stresses in the elastic calculations reach 5 MPa with a concrete tensile strength of 3.2 MPa, while the z-axis stresses reach 15.4 MPa, leading to a high risk of vertical and horizontal cracks. Reducing the heat release of concrete by 40% reduces the stresses by only 22–40%, without eliminating the risk.
Conclusion. The main cause of cracking is related to the rigid connection between the wall and the foundation. To reduce the risk, it is recommended to reduce the concreting rate at the initial stage to 1 m/day. In other sections of the wall, the likelihood of cracks is negligible.