CLAY CONSTRUCTION COMPOSITES BASED ON CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED RAW MATERIALS AND ORGANIC CONNECTORS

Objectives. The aim of this work is to study the theoretical aspects and technological possibilities of chemical activation and modification of organic clay raw materials of the Volga region in organic additives to obtain composite building materials based on previous work on the development of clay cement composites.

Method. In connection with the high physicochemical activity of clay and cement with respect to organic additives and mineral salts, expressed in the high adsorption activity and sensitivity of hydration processes, studies of the structure of clay were studied separately from cement. To determine the change in pH value of suspensions from clay and clay cement raw materials, the role of the influence of ECA products of treatment of aqueous-salt solutions of sodium chloride and ACF resin was studied.

Result. The results of the tests showed that by changing the pH values of the clay cement samples by the products of electrochemical activation of water-salt solutions, it is possible to actively influence the active centers of the surface of clay particles. The adsorption and capacity of the cation exchange of clay raw materials are reduced when they are modified with acetone formaldehyde resin.

Conclusion. The studies carried out to study the structure formation and the nature of the effect of the pH of the system environment on the process of the condensation of the ACF resin create the prerequisites for further research in the field of soil consolidation, their stabilization and enhance-ment of operational parameters.

1. Shcheglov A.F. Gruntobetony na osnove glinistykh porod KMA v dorozhnom stroitel'stve. Avtoref. kand.tekh.nauk: 05.23.05 / Shcheglov Aleksandr Fedorovich. – Belgorod, 2003. – 22 s. [Scheglov A.F. Concrete based on clay rocks KMA in road construction. Author. Ph.D.: 05.23.05 / Shcheglov Alexander Fedorovich. - Belgo-rod, 2003. - 22 p. (In Russ.)]

2. Chekmarev A. S., Seo D. K., Skorina T. V., Chekmareva G. D. Polucheniye geopolimernykh materialov s prime-neniyem prirodnykh komponentov // Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. – Kazan', 2012. – №20. – Str. 50-55. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/poluchenie-geopolimernyh-materialov-s-primeneniem-prirod-nyh-komponentov. [Chekmarev A.S., Seo D.K., Skorina T.V., Chekmareva G.D. Getting Geopolymer Materials Us-ing Natural Components // Vestnik of Kazan Technological University. - Kazan, 2012. - №20. - pp. 50-55. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/poluchenie-geopolimernyh-materialov-s-primeneniem-prirodnyh-komponentov. (In Russ.)]

3. Glukhovskiy V.D., Pakhomov V.A. Shlakoshchelochnyye tsementy i betony. – Kiyev: Budivel'nik, 1978. – 184 s. [Glukhovsky V.D., Pakhomov V.A. Slag alkaline cements and concretes. - Kiev: Budivelnik, 1978. - 184 p. (In Russ.)]

4. Kumar S., Kumar R. Mechanism of re-sulting geopolymer, Ceramics International, Vol. 37, 2011, pp. 533-541.

5. Davidovits, J. Soft Mineralurgy and Geopolymers. In proceeding of Geopolymer 88 International Con-ference, the Université de Technologie, Compiègne, France. 1988. - pp. 49-56.

6. Klubova, T. T. Rol' glinistykh mineralov v preobrazovanii organicheskogo veshchestva i formiro-vanii porovogo prostranstva kollektorov. – M.: Nauka, 1965. – 105 s. [Klubova, T. T. The role of clay minerals in the transformation of organic matter and the formation of the pore space of reservoirs. - M .: Science, 1965. - 105 p. (In Russ.)]

7. Mukhambetkaliyev, K.K., Ivashchenko, YU.G. Cposob neytralizatsii ekstraktivnykh veshchestv drevesiny v be-zobzhigovykh sostavakh glino-tsementnykh kompozitov / K.K. Mukhambetkaliyev // Vestnik SGTU. – 2010. – № 3 (48). – S 143-147. [Mukhambetkaliev, KK, Ivashchenko, Yu.G. The method of neutralization of extractive substances of wood in unburned compositions of clay-cement composites / K.K. Mukhambetkaliev // Bulletin of SSTU. - 2010. - № 3 (48). - C 143-147. (In Russ.)]

8. Mukhambetkaliyev K. K. Struktura i svoystva modifitsirovannykh bezobzhigovykh glinosoderzhashchikh materi-alov i kompozitov na ikh osnove. Avtoref. kand.tekh.nauk: 05.23.05 / Mukhambetkaliyev Kayrat Kuanyshkaliyevich. – Volgograd, 2011. – 23 s. [Mukhambetkaliev K.K. Structure and properties of modified unburned clay-containing materials and composites based on them. Author. Ph.D.: 05.23.05 / Mukhambetkaliev Kairat Kuanyshkalievich. - Volgograd, 2011. - 23 p. (In Russ.)]

9. Komarov V.S., Rat'ko A.I. Adsorbenty: polucheniye, struktura, svoystva. – Minsk: Belarus. Navu-ka, 2009. – 256 s. [Komarov V.S., Ratko A.I. Adsorbents: production, structure, properties. - Minsk: Belarus. Navu-ka, 2009. - 256 p., (In Russ.)]

10. Ovcharenko F.D. Gidrofil'nost' glin i glinistykh mineralov. – Kiyev: Izd-vo AN USSR, 1961. – 290 s., [Ovcha-renko F.D. Hydrophilic clay and clay minerals. - Kiev: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, 1961. 290 p., (In Russ.)]

11. Komarov V.S. Adsorbtsionno-strukturnyye, fiziko-khimicheskiye i kataliticheskiye svoystva glin Belarusi. Minsk: Nauka i tekhnika, 1970. – 360 s. [Komarov V.S. Adsorption-structural, physico-chemical and catalytic prop-erties of clays of Belarus. Minsk: Science and Technology, 1970. 360 p. (In Russ.)]

12. Tarasevich YU.I., Ovcharenko F.D. Adsorbtsiya na glinistykh mineralakh. – Kiyev: Naukova dumka, 1975. – 350 s. [Tarasevich Yu.I., Ovcharenko F.D. Adsorption on clay minerals. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1975. 350 p. (In Russ.)]

13. Cristelo N, Glendinning S, Fernandes L, Pinto AT (2013). Acta Geotech 8 (4): 395–405. doi: 10.1007 / s11440-012-0200-9

14. Cristelo N, Glendinning S, Pinto AT (2011) Deep soft soil improvement by alkaline activation. Proc ICE-Ground Improv 164 (2): 73–82. doi: 10.1680 / grim.900032

15. Cristelo N, Miranda T, Oliveira DV, Rosa I, Soares E, Coelho P, Fernandes L (2015), emissions and CO2 emis-sions (eq) . J Clean Prod. doi: 10.1016 / j.jclepro.2015.04.102

16. Zhang M, Guo H, El-Korchi T, Zhang G, Tao M (2013) Experimental feasibility study of the geopolymer as the next-generation soil stabilizer. Constr Build Mater 47: 1468–1478. doi: 10.1016 / j. conbuildmat.2011.12.007

17. Zhang M, Zhao M, Zhang G, Nowak P, Coen A, Tao M (2015) Calcium-free geopolymer as a stabilizer for sulfate-rich soils. Appl Clay Sci 108: 199–207. doi: 10.1007 / s12205-013-1638-5

18. Korneyev V.I., Brykov A.S. Perspektivy razvitiya obshchestroitel'nykh vyazhushchikh veshchestv. Geopolimery i ikh otlichitel'nyye osobennosti / V.I. Korneyev // Zhurnal «Tsement i yego primeneniye». – 2010. – №2. – S. 51-55. [Korneev V.I., Brykov A.S. Prospects for the development of building binders. Geopolymers and their distinctive features / V.I. Korneev // Journal "Cement and its application." - 2010. - №2. pp. 51-55. (In Russ.)]

19. Zul'fugarov Z.G. Issledovaniye fiziko – khimicheskikh svoystv i otbelivayushchey sposobnosti glin mestorozh-deniy Azerbeydzhanskoy SSR i gumbrina. – Baku: Izd-vo AN Azerb.SSR, 1957. – 263 s. [Zulfugarov Z.G. Investi-gation of the physicochemical properties and bleaching ability of clays from the deposits of the Azerbaijan SSR and Gumbrin. - Baku: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR, 1957. 263 p. (In Russ.)]

20. D.M. Roy, Alkali-activated cements. Opportunities and challenges, Cement and Concrete Research. - №29 (1999) pp. 249–254.

21. Ö. Cizer, K. Van Balen, D. Van Gemert, Competition between hydration and carbonation mortars, Advanced Materials Research. - t Vol / 133–134 (2010) p. 241–246.

22. Breck, D.W. Zeolite Molecular Sieves. // J. Wiley. - New York, 1974. - 771 pp.

23. Elert, K., Sebastián, E., Valverde, I., Rodriguez-Navarro, C., 2008. Alkaline Treatment of Clay Minerals Applied Clay Science 39, pp. 122–132.

24. E. Doehne, C.A. Price, Stone Conservation - An Overview of Current Research, The Getty Conservation Institute. - Los Angeles, 2010. - 174 pp.

25. Mameshov R.T., Ivashchenko YU.G. Gruntobeton na osnove smeshannykh vyazhushchikh / Mameshov R.T.// Zhurnal «Promyshlennost' Kazakhstana». 2017. № 1(100). S. 82-99. [Mameshov RT, Ivashchenko Yu.G. Concrete on the basis of mixed binders / Mameshov RT // Industry Kazakhstan magazine. 2017. No. 1 (100). pp. 82-99. (In Russ.)]

26. Mameshov R.T., Ivashchenko YU.G. Issledovaniye vozmozhnosti polucheniya geopolimernykh kompozitov na osnove khimicheski aktivirovannogo glinistogo syr'ya i organicheskoy dobavki // Sbornik nauchnykh tru-dov «Resur-soenergoeffektivnyye tekhnologii v stroitel'nom komplekse regiona». – Saratovskiy gosudar-stvennyy tekhnicheskiy universitet im. Gagarina YU.A. Tom 2. S. 105-110. [Mameshov RT, Ivashchenko Yu.G. Study of the possibility of obtaining geopolymer composites based on chemically activated clay raw materials and organic additives // Collection of scientific works “Resource-energy efficient technologies in the building complex of the region”. - Saratov State Technical University. Gagarin Yu.A. Volume 2. pp. 105-110. (In Russ.)]