Surface Energy in the Processes of Disintegration of Solids
https://doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2023-50-3-181-189
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of the study is to experimentally measure the surface energy of solids during their grinding.
Method. The study is based on the use of methods for determining the surface tension of solids. At least 20-25% of all electricity produced in the world is spent on grinding materials in industry. When the resulting particles are reduced to tens of nanometers, the contribution of surface energy (st) to the grinding work becomes so large that it is difficult not to take it into account. Measuring the surface tension of liquids has long been proven. But measuring (st) of solids causes great difficulties. Currently, more than twenty methods for determining (st) are known.
Result. Based on the phenomenon of spontaneous bending of thin thread-like structures, a method for determining (st) has been developed. Examples are given in which (st) at the phase interface plays an important role in obtaining samples with a microstructure using the method of severe plastic deformation (SPD). To obtain fine metal powders, one of the variants of the SPD method has been proposed. A method has been found for the physical activation of aluminum granules, which increases the reaction rate of the metal in an aqueous environment by about a thousand times. This is necessary for the development of an anaerobic power plant capable of operating at great depths.
Conclusion. The new technology makes it possible to obtain high-purity, non-oxidized metal powders without toxic waste and emissions and with energy costs lower than in all known methods.
About the Authors
V. T. Fedorov
Concern "Nanoindustry"
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Viktor T. Fedorov, Dr. Sci. (Eng), Advisor,
4 Bardin St., building 1, Moscow 119334
M. N. Kokoev
H.M. Berbekov Kabardino-Balkar State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mukhamed N. Kokoev, Dr. Sci. (Eng), Рrofessor, Adviser to RAASN, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and RIA, prof. Department of Construction Production,
173 Chernyshevsky St., Nalchik 360004
References
1. Anciferov V.N., Bobrov G.V., Druzhinin L.K. and other. Powder metallurgy and sprayed coatings. Moscow. Metallurgy. 1987; 792. (In Russ)
2. Rebinder P. A., Shchukin E. D. Surface phenomena in solids in the processes of their deformation and destruction. Advances in the physical sciences.1972;10(9):3-42. (In Russ)
3. A.s. No. 408198 USSR. A device for measuring the surface tension of solids. S.N. Zadumkin, Kh.B. Khokonov, I.G. Shebzukhova. Discoveries. Inventions. 1973; 47:121. (In Russ)
4. Nikolova E. On the surface tension of solids determined by the Tammann effect. Technical physics. 1981; 28(1):21-26. (In Russ)
5. Cahn J.W., Hanneman R.E. (111) Surface tensions of III-IV Compounds and their relationship to spontaneous bending of thin crystals. Surface science.1964;1:387-397.
6. Fedorov V.T. The phenomenon of spontaneous bending of filamentous structures. Surface phenomena at the boundaries of condensed phases. Nalchik, 1983; 49-53(In Russ)
7. Izotov A.D., Lazarev V.B., Zhavoronkov N.M. Interatomic Interactions and Impact Resistance of Solids under High-Speed Deformations. Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1985; 285( 6): 1401- 1405. (In Russ)
8. Morokhov I.D., Trusov L.I., Chizhik S.P. Ultrafine metallic media. Moscow. Atomizdat. 1977;264. (In Russ)
9. Kokoev M.N., Fedorov V.T. High-strength metal materials for the construction of especially critical structures. Bulletin of the Department of Building Sciences RAASN. 2020;2: 299-304. (In Russ)
10. Meyers M.A., Mishra A., Benson D.J. Mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials. Progr. Mat. Sci. 2006;51: 427-556.
11. Europaeische Patentschrift EP 2 821 156 B1. Vorrichtung und Verfharen zur Umformung von Bauteilen aus Metallwerkstoffen. Fedorov Viktor (RU), Ivanisenko Julia (DE), Baretzky Brigitte (DE) Hahn Horst (DE). Prioritaet: 04.07.2013.
12. V.T. Fedorov and Kh.B. Khokonov. Phenomenon dispersion of solids with the rapid stress relaxation of hydrostatic compression. Sov. Phys. Dokl. 33(6) (1988; 463
13. Fedorov V.T. , Kokoev M.N. High reliability energy carrier for backup sources of electricity and heat supply. Bulletin of the Department of Building Sciences RAASN. 2016;604-608. (In Russ)
14. Bridgeman P.V. Study of large plastic deformations and rupture. Moscow. Publishing house of foreign literature. 1955; 275. (In Russ)
15. Beresnev B.I., Trushin E.V. hydroextrusion process. Moscow.The science. 1976;199 (In Russ)
16. R.B. Pond. Metal Progress, 89(1966)77.
17. K. Mueller. Fundamentals of Extrusion Technology. Giesel Verlag. Isernhagen. Germany. 2004.
18. Bulychev B.M., Storozhenko P.A. Molecular and ionic metal hydrides as sources of hydrogen for power plants. Alternative Energy and Ecology. 2004; 4:5-10. (In Russ)
19. Fedorov V.T., Kokoev M.N. Geological exploration of the Arctic shelf and the problem of an anaerobic power plant. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. 2020;1: 21-24. (In Russ)
20. Advanced powder technologies LLC. 2011. Tomsk Polytechnic University. Tomsk. http://www.nanosized-powders.com/ru/42/ (Accessed 10.02.2023). (In Russ).
Review
For citations:
Fedorov V.T., Kokoev M.N. Surface Energy in the Processes of Disintegration of Solids. Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences. 2023;50(3):181-189. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2023-50-3-181-189
Views:
250
Email this article 
