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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2021-48-3-39-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-965</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЕ, МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОЕ И ХИМИЧЕСКОЕ МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER, METALLURGICAL AND CHEMICAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О способах повышения эффективности водоходных движителей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On ways to improve the efficiency of water propellers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Месропян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mesropyan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Месропян Арсен Владимирович, доктор технических  наук,  профессор,  заведующий кафедрой теоретической механики</p><p>450008, г. Уфа, ул.К.Маркса, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arsen V. Mesropyan, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Head of the Department of Theoretical Mechanics</p><p>12 K. Marx St., Ufa 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avm_74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабельник</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabelnik</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Андреевна Шабельник, старший преподаватель, кафедра теоретической механики</p><p>450008, г. Уфа, ул.К.Маркса, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Shabelnik, Senior Lecturer, Department of Theoretical Mechanics</p><p>12 K. Marx St., Ufa 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cammy@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa State Aviation Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>48</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Месропян А.В., Шабельник Ю.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Месропян А.В., Шабельник Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mesropyan A.V., Shabelnik Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/965">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/965</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Целью аналитического обзора является определение перспективных направлений исследований повышения эффективности водоходных движителей.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. В работе представлены обзор и анализ современных гребных винтов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. Проведен анализ конструктивно-компоновочных и схемных решений гребных винтов, выявлены способы повышения эффективности гребных винтов, сформированы основные направления дальнейших исследований. Рассмотрены перспективы развития гребных винтов, описаны конструктивно-компоновочные и схемные решения, обеспечивающие повышение эффективности рабочего процесса, что позволяет сформировать основные направления дальнейших научных исследований. Создаваемые перспективные схемные решения тесно связаны с использованием современных численных методов на всех этапах проектирования; новые подходы созданию гребных винтов позволят обеспечить повышение КПД на 8 - 10%.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Повышение эффективности гребных винтов за счет моделирования рабочих процессов с использованием численных методов гидродинамики и разработки перспективных схемных решений позволит не только увеличить КПД, но и улучшить кавитационные и акустические характеристики винтов. Применение CFD- расчетов позволяет сократить сроки, затраты и объемы доводочных работ изделия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The purpose of the analytical review is to identify promising areas of research to improve the efficiency of water propellers.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Method. The research provides an overview and analysis of modern propellers.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>Result. The analysis of the design – layout and schematics solutions of propeller is carried out, methods of increasing the efficiency of propellers are revealed, the main directions of further research are formed. Prospects for the development of propellers are considered, structural and layout and circuit solutions are described that ensure an increase in the efficiency of the working process, which allows to form the main directions of further scientific research. Created promising circuit solutions are closely related to the use of modern numerical methods at all stages of design, new approaches to the creation of propellers will provide an increase in efficiency by 8-10%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Increasing the efficiency of propellers, due to modeling workflows using numerical methods of hydrodynamics, and developing advanced schematics solutions, will not only increase the efficiency, but also improve the cavitation and acoustic characteristics of the propellers. The use of CFD calculations allows you to reduce the time, costs and volumes of product development work.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гребные винты</kwd><kwd>винторулевые колонки</kwd><kwd>направляющие насадки</kwd><kwd>соосные винты</kwd><kwd>направляющие лопасти</kwd><kwd>петлевидные винты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>propellers</kwd><kwd>rudder propellers</kwd><kwd>pilot nozzles</kwd><kwd>coaxial propellers</kwd><kwd>guide vanes</kwd><kwd>loop propellers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жинкин В.Б. Теория и устройство корабля: Учебник. – 3-е издание. – СПб.: Судостроение, 2002. – 336с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhinkin V.B Theory and structure of the ship: Textbook. 3rd edition. 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