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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2021-48-2-40-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-934</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА, ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE, COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гибридные алгоритмы геопространственного анализа точек расположения плотин в задачах защиты охраняемых районов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hybrid algorithms for geospatial analysis of dam location points in protective tasks for protected areas</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родригес Васкес</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodriguez Vasquez</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родригес Васкес Соланхель, аспирант, магистр информатики</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Solangel Rodríguez Vázquez, postgraduate, Master of Computer Science</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoye Broadway, Moscow 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solrusita85@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокрова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokrova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мокрова Наталия Владиславовна, доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры автоматизации и электроснабжения</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya V. Mokrova, Dr. Sci. (Technical), Prof., Prof. of the Department of Automation and Power Supply</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoye Broadway, Moscow 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natali_vm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>48</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Родригес Васкес С., Мокрова Н.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Родригес Васкес С., Мокрова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rodriguez Vasquez S., Mokrova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/934">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/934</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. В последние десятилетия критерии определения потенциальных районов для строительства плотин развивались рука об руку с технологическими инструментами, такими как географические информационные системы (ГИС). Однако критерии сохранения охраняемых районов во многих случаях не учитываются, поэтому биоразнообразию окружающей среды наносится ущерб, который может стать непоправимым. В данной работе представлена оптимизация процесса обнаружения ключевых точек местности путем разработки гибридного алгоритма геопространственного анализа в QGIS. Цель состоит в том, чтобы ускорить вычислительное время, которое является критической переменной для всего процесса обнаружения ключевых точек, и предложить потенциальные области, которые не представляют опасности для биоразнообразия.  Метод. Используемая стратегия базируется на двух фундаментальных предпосылках: выделении вершин пространственных объектов (рек) и анализе расстояний между пространственными объектами (реки и прилегающие территории). Извлечение вершин позволяет получить потенциальные точки, а анализ расстояния позволит выделить из них те точки, которые находятся в диапазоне, допустимом для расположения плотины при условии нанесения наименьшего возможного ущерба биологическому разнообразию прилегающей территории. Валидация алгоритма была проведена на примере гидрологической сети муниципалитета Маникарагуа, Куба.  Результат. Полученные результаты сравнивались с точки зрения использованного времени расчета, количества извлеченных допустимых вершин и процента уменьшения общего числа областей. Это сравнение проводилось при использовании одного, двух и трех векторных слоев (.shp) с пространственными объектами, представляющими стратегические охраняемые территории.  Вывод. Полученные результаты показали, что чем более репрезентативны используемые космические данные (.shp), тем эффективнее будут результаты, полученные алгоритмом по отношению к задачам охраны окружающей среды. Достигнуто снижение до 13% от первоначально обнаруженных ключевых точек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. In recent decades, criteria for identifying potential areas have evolved hand in hand with technological tools such as geographic information systems (GIS). However, the criteria for the preservation of protected areas are often not taken into account, thus causing damage to environmental biodiversity that can become irreparable. This paper presents the way of optimizing the process of locating key terrain points by developing a hybrid algorithm for geospatial analysis in QGIS. The goal is to speed up computational time, which is a critical variable for the entire key point detection process, and to suggest potential areas that do not pose a threat to biodiversity.  Methods. The strategy used is based on two fundamental assumptions: identifying the tops of spatial objects (rivers) and analyzing the distances between spatial objects (rivers and adjacent territories). The tops extraction allows obtaining potential points, while the distance analysis allows selecting among them those points that are in the range acceptable for locating a dam, provided that the least possible damage to the biodiversity of the adjacent territory is caused. The algorithm was validated using the example of the hydrological network of Manicaragua, Cuba.  Results. The results were compared in terms of the calculation time used, the number of valid tops extracted, and the percentage reduction in the total number of areas. This comparison was made using one, two and three vector layers (.shp) with spatial objects representing strategic protected areas.  Conclusion. The results obtained show that the more representative the space data (.shp) used, the more effective the results obtained using the algorithm are in relation to environmental protection tasks. A reduction of up to 13% from originally detected key points has been achieved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алгоритм геопространственного анализа</kwd><kwd>анализ расстояний</kwd><kwd>гидрологическая сеть</kwd><kwd>ГИС</kwd><kwd>репрезентативные пространственных объекты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geospatial analysis algorithm</kwd><kwd>distance analysis</kwd><kwd>hydrological network</kwd><kwd>GIS</kwd><kwd>representative spatial objects</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pokhrel Y. и др. A Review of the Integrated Effects of Changing Climate, Land Use, and Dams on Mekong River Hydrology // Water. 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