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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2020-47-1-102-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-774</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА, ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE, COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ТРЁХМЕРНОЕ ДЕТЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ГАММА-ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ И ЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩИХ ГАЗОВ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ КВАДРОКОПТЕРОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THREE-DIMENSIONAL DETECTION OF GAMMA RADIATION AND POLLUTING GASES USING QUADROCOPTERS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молнар</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molnar</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, доцент,проректор университета </p><p>H-1034, Bécsi út 96/b, г. Будапешт</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Technical), Assoc. Prof., Vice rektor for General affairs of Obuda University</p><p>H-1034, Bécsi út 96/b, Budapest, Magyarország</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molnar@uni-obuda.hu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет в Старой Буде</institution><country>Венгрия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Óbuda University</institution><country>Hungary</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>47</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Молнар А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Молнар А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Molnar A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/774">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/774</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме. Цель. Точное знание степени и локального распространения загрязнения играет ключевую роль во многих сферах жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Существует множество известных и общепринятых методов измерения намеченных данных, однако эти методы не дают удовлетворительного результата в тех случаях, когда быстро и на сравнительно небольшой площади (промышленная зона в несколько квадратных километров, жилой район и т.п.) требуется определить точные параметры загрязнения или установить изменения этих параметров, выраженные в цифрах. Небольшие БЛА (мультикоптеры с неподвижным или вращающимся крылом) оснащены чувствительными гамма-детекторами или детекторами по обнаружению загрязняющих газов; координаты полётных данных могут быть присвоены измеряемым данным. Такие информационные группы обеспечивают возможность в ходе зондирования территории определять распределение на ней излучения или загрязняющих воздух газов. С помощью данного метода можно выявить и локализовать незаконно хранящиеся или нелегально поставленные материалы, испускающие гамма-лучи, непрерывно мониторить вызванные химическими катастрофами загрязнения, определять пространственное распределение загрязнения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. В статье представлены системы, основанные на практических экспериментах, позволяющие в случае использования гамма-детектора локализовать объекты с малыми дозами излучения, а также подготовить качественную карту гамма-излучения конкретной области, а в случае газовых датчиков визуализировать пространственное распространение газазагрязнителя. Метод применяют, в первую очередь в полевых условиях для обнаружения гамма-излучателей с низкой активностью или с целью анализа эмиссии производственных объектов с выбросом загрязняющих веществ.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Комбинация пространственных координат с данными дистанционного зондирования является эффективным методом измерения. Разработанная система в целом применима для мобильных платформ, оснащённых датчиками. Системы предназначены для обеспечения быстрых, эффективных и надежных измерений, которые можно использовать как для обнаружения, так и для контроля. Вид загрязняющих веществ, подлежащих измерению, зависит от используемых датчиков. Эксперименты указывают также и на то, что при замене применённых датчиков может возникнуть необходимость изменить обработку измеряемых данных в соответствии с характеристиками этого датчика, однако в целом обработку данных и визуализацию результатов можно практиковать.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract. Aim. Accurate knowledge of the extent and local distribution of pollution plays a key role in many areas of life.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Method. Although there are many well-known and generally-accepted methods for obtaining the intended data, these methods do not give a satisfactory result in cases when it is necessary to determine the exact parameters of pollution quickly and in a relatively small area (e.g. an industrial zone of several square kilometers, a residential area, etc.) and to determine changes in these parameters as expressed numerically. Small UAVs (multicopter with fixed or rotating wing) were equipped with sensitive detectors for gamma rays and polluting gases, including the assignation of flight data coordinates to the measured data. Such informational groupings provide the opportunity to determine the distribution of radiation or air polluting gases. Using this method, it is possible to identify and localise illegally-stored or illegally-released gamma ray emitting materials, continuously monitor pollution caused by chemical disasters and determine the spatial distribution of pollution.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The article presents systems based on practical experiments, which, in the case of using a gamma detector, allow the localisation of objects using low radiation doses along with a high-quality map of gamma radiation in a specific area; and, in the case of gas sensors, the visualisation of the spatial distribution of a polluting gas. The method is used primarily in the field to detect gamma emitters with low activity or to analyse the emission of industrial facilities with the emission of pollutants.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The combination of spatial coordinates with remote sensing data comprises an effective meas-urement method. The developed system is generally applicable for mobile platforms equipped with sensors. The systems are designed to provide fast, efficient and reliable measurements that can be used for both detection and control. The type of pollutants to be measured depends on the sensors used. The experiments also indicate that, when replacing the used sensors, it may be necessary to change the processing of the measured data in accordance with the characteristics of the particular sensor; however, in general, data processing and visualisation of the results can be carried out in practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беспилотный летательный аппарат</kwd><kwd>гамма-излучатели</kwd><kwd>гамма-детектор</kwd><kwd>детектирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicle</kwd><kwd>gamma emitters</kwd><kwd>gamma detector</kwd><kwd>detection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazna, T., Gabrlik, P., Jilek, T., Zalud, L.: Cooperation between an unmanned aerial vehicle and an unmanned ground vehicle in highly accurate localization of gamma radiation hotspots (2018) International Journal of Ad-vanced Robotic Systems, 15 (1).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazna, T., Gabrlik, P., Jilek, T., Zalud, L.: Cooperation between an unmanned aerial vehicle and an unmanned ground vehicle in highly accurate localization of gamma radiation hotspots (2018) International Journal of Ad-vanced Robotic Systems, 15 (1).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Методические указания по применению беспилотных летательныхаппаратов для обследования воздушных линий электропередачии энергетических объектов. 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