<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2025-52-4-137-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-1914</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровая трансформация: теоретико-методологический подход, драйверы и эффекты внедрения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digital Transformation: A Theoretical and Methodological Approach, Drivers and Effects of Implementation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савзиханова</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savzikhanova</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сабина Эминовна Савзиханова - доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры информационных технологий и информационной безопасности.</p><p>367008, Махачкала, ул. Джамалутдина Атаева, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sabina E. Savzikhanova - Dr. Sci. (Econom.), Prof., Department of Information Technologies and Information Security.</p><p>5 Jamalutdin Atayev Str., Makhachkala 367008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sse1122@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-594X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исабекова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isabekova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тамила Илахидиновна Исабекова - кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой прикладной математики и информатики.</p><p>367015, Махачкала, просп. Имама Шамиля, д.70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamila I. Isabekova - Cand. Sci. (Physic. and Mathemat.), Assoc. Prof., Head of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics.</p><p>70 Imam Shamil Ave., Makhachkala 367015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mila775@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0813-0809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эминова</surname><given-names>Н. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eminova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нигара Эминовна Эминова - кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры информационных технологий и информационной безопасности.</p><p>367008, Махачкала, ул. Джамалутдина Атаева, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nigara E. Eminova - Cand. Sci. (Econom.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Information Technology and Information Security.</p><p>5 Jamalutdin Atayev Str., Makhachkala 367008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nigara79@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный университет народного хозяйства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Daghestan State University of National Economy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Daghestan State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>52</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Савзиханова С.Э., Исабекова Т.И., Эминова Н.Э., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савзиханова С.Э., Исабекова Т.И., Эминова Н.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savzikhanova S.E., Isabekova T.I., Eminova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1914">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1914</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Цель исследования состоит в обосновании и разработке теоретикометодологического подхода к цифровой трансформации систем на основе интеграции платформенного, компетентностного и экосистемного подходов, а также в эмпирической оценке количественных эффектов трансформации на выборке российских компаний за 2018–2023 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Использованы методы системного и институционального анализа, математического моделирования (модифицированная функция Кобба–Дугласа), кейс-стади (250 компаний с фактическими данными за 2018–2023 гг. и 50 компаний с прогнозными данными за 2024–2025 гг.), корреляционно-регрессионный анализ панельных данных (Росстат, НИУ ВШЭ), а также технический анализ архитектурных решений (микросервисы, IoT, CI/CD).</p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. Предложена интегральная модель цифровой трансформации. На основе данных 250 компаний (2018–2023 гг.) эмпирически доказано, что системная трансформация повышает производительность труда на 18–27%, рентабельность на 12–19%, а транзакционные издержки снижаются на 22–35%. Впервые для России количественно оценён вклад инженерных решений платформ, цифровых двойников и ML-моделей. Прогноз по 50 компаниям (2024–2025 гг.) показывает усиление эффекта до 28–37% при масштабном внедрении GenAI и 5G.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Цифровая трансформация инженерно-организационный процесс, зависящий от зрелости ИТ-архитектуры, квалификации DevOps/ML-инженеров и уровня экосистемной интеграции. Полученные результаты применимы для разработки стратегий цифровизации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The study aims to develop a theoretical and methodological approach to digital transformation based on integrating platform, competence, and ecosystem approaches and to empirically assess its quantitative effects on Russian companies during 2018–2023.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Method. Systemic and institutional analysis, mathematical modeling (modified Cobb–Douglas function), case studies (250 companies with actual data for 2018–2023 plus 50 companies with forecast data for 2024–2025), regression analysis of panel data (Rosstat, HSE), and technical analysis of architectures (microservices, IoT, CI/CD).</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>Result. An integrated model of digital transformation is proposed. Based on actual data from 250 companies (2018–2023), systemic transformation increases labor productivity by 18–27%, profitability by 12–19%, and reduces transaction costs by 22–35%. The contribution of engineering solutions (platforms, digital twins, ML models) is quantified for Russia. Forecast data (2024–2025) indicate potential productivity effects up to 28–37% with GenAI and 5G adoption, pending verification.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Digital transformation is an engineering-organizational process dependent on IT architecture maturity, DevOps/ML skills, and ecosystem integration. Findings support evidence-based digital strategies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровая трансформация</kwd><kwd>платформенный подход</kwd><kwd>экосистема</kwd><kwd>цифровые компетенции</kwd><kwd>микросервисная архитектура</kwd><kwd>цифровой двойник</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>функция Кобба–Дугласа</kwd><kwd>DevOps</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital transformation</kwd><kwd>platform approach</kwd><kwd>ecosystem</kwd><kwd>digital competencies</kwd><kwd>microservice architecture</kwd><kwd>digital twin</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>Cobb–Douglas function</kwd><kwd>DevOps</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента РФ от 09.05.2017 № 203 «О Стратегии развития информационного общества в Российской Федерации на 2017–2030 годы».</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 9, 2017, No. 203, "On the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017–2030." (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Катькало В.С., Медведев Д.А. Платформы и экосистемы в современной теории фирмы // Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Менеджмент. — 2020. — № 3. — С. 342–363.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katkalo, V.S., Medvedev, D.A., "Platforms and Ecosystems in the Modern Theory of the Firm." Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Management, 2020;3:342–363. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Моисеев С.Р. Цифровая трансформация банков: теория и практика//Деньги и кредит. 2021. № 2. С. 35–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moiseev, S.R., "Digital Transformation of Banks: Theory and Practice." Money and Credit, 2021; 2:35–45. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шувалов М.В. Экосистемы в цифровой экономике: формирование и развитие // Вопросы экономики. — 2022. — № 5. — С. 120–136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shuvalov, M.V., "Ecosystems in the Digital Economy: Formation and Development." Voprosy Ekonomiki. 2022; 5:120–136. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Autio E., Nambisan S. Digital Entrepreneurship and Ecosystems // Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. — 2023. — Vol. 47, № 1. — DOI: 10.1177/10422587221104185.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Autio E., Nambisan S. Digital Entrepreneurship and Ecosystems. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 2023; 47(1) DOI: 10.1177/10422587221104185.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brandenburger A., Nalebuff B. Co-opetition. — New York: Currency Doubleday, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brandenburger A., Nalebuff B. Co-opetition. New York: Currency Doubleday, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bloom N., Sadun R., Van Reenen J. Management Practices and Digital Transformation // The Quarterly Journal of Economics. — 2022. — Vol. 137, № 3. — DOI: 10.1093/qje/qjac012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bloom N., Sadun R., Van Reenen J. Management Practices and Digital Transformation. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2022; 137:3 DOI: 10.1093/qje/qjac012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christensen C.M., Raynor M.E., McDonald R. What is Disruptive Innovation? // Harvard Business Review. — 2020. — Vol. 98, № 12. — P. 102–111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christensen C.M., Raynor M.E., McDonald R. What is Disruptive Innovation?. Harvard Business Review. 2020; 98(12):102–111.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Росстат). Официальный сайт. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru (дата обращения: 10. 08.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). Official website. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru (accessed: 10.10.2025). (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gartner Research. Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for Billion-Dollar Success. Stamford, CT: Gartner Inc., 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gartner Research. Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for Billion-Dollar Success. Stamford, CT: Gartner Inc., 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hein A., Schreieck M., Riasanow T. et al. Digital Platform Ecosystems // Electronic Markets. — 2020. — Vol. 30. — P. 87–98. — DOI: 10.1007/s12525-019-00380-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hein A., Schreieck M., Riasanow T. et al. Digital Platform Ecosystems. Electronic Markets. 2020;30:87–98. DOI: 10.1007/s12525-019-00380-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Институт статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ. Мониторинг цифровой экономики России. — Москва: НИУ ВШЭ, 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University Higher School of Economics. Monitoring the Digital Economy of Russia. Moscow: National Research University Higher School of Economics, 2023. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacobides M. G., Cennamo C., Gawer A. Towards a Theory of Ecosystems // Strategic Management Journal. — 2018. — Vol. 39, № 8. — P. 2255–2276. — DOI: 10.1002/smj.2904.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacobides, M. G., Cennamo, C., Gawer, A. “Towards a Theory of Ecosystems”. Strategic Management Journal. 2018; 39( 8): 2255–2276. DOI: 10.1002/smj.2904.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kenney M., Zysman J. The Rise of the Platform Economy // Issues in Science and Technology. — 2019. — Vol. 32, № 3. — P. 61–69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kenney, M., Zysman, J. “The Rise of the Platform Economy”. Issues in Science and Technology. 2019; 32: (3):61–69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">НИУ ВШЭ. Цифровая экономика и общество. — Москва, 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics. Digital Economy and Society. Moscow, 2023. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Росстат. Статистический ежегодник России. — Москва, 2023. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/yearbook_2023.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/yearbook_2023.pdf. Rosstat. Statistical Yearbook of Russia. Moscow, 2023. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwab K. The Fourth Industrial Revolution. — New York: Crown Publishing, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwab K. The Fourth Industrial Revolution. New York: Crown Publishing, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teece D.J. Dynamic Capabilities: A Guide for Managers // California Management Review. — 2018. — Vol. 60, № 4. — P. 153–174.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teece D. J. Dynamic Capabilities: A Guide for Managers. California Management Review. 2018; 60(4,): 153–174.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Индикаторы цифровой экономики: 2024. Статистический сборник / НИУ ВШЭ, Росстат, Минцифры России. — Москва, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Digital Economy Indicators: 2024. Statistical Digest / HSE, Rosstat, Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation. Moscow, 2024. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цифровая трансформация отраслей: стартовые условия и приоритеты. НИУ ВШЭ, Москва, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Digital Transformation of Industries: Starting Conditions and Priorities. — National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 2024. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Impact of Digitalization on Corporate Financial Profitability: The Case of Russia. — ResearchGate, 2024. — DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.105843.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Impact of Digitalization on Corporate Financial Profitability: The Case of Russia. ResearchGate, 2024. - DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.105843.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">An Ecological Perspective to Master the Complexities of the Digital Ecosystem. — Nature Communications. — 2024. — Vol. 15, Article № 2405. — DOI: 10.1038/s44260-024-00036-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">An Ecological Perspective to Master the Complexities of the Digital Ecosystem. Nature Communications. 2024;15, Article No. 2405. DOI: 10.1038/s44260-024-00036-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geography of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Russia. — Springer, 2024. — DOI: 10.1134/S2079970524600525.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geography of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Russia. Springer DOI: 10.1134/S2079970524600525.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future. — Paris: OECD Publishing, 2023. — DOI: 10.1787/9789264311992-en.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD. Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2023. DOI: 10.1787/9789264311992-en.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">PwC. Digital Transformation Outlook 2024–2025: Lessons from Failed Projects. — London, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PwC. Digital Transformation Outlook 2024–2025: Lessons from Failed Projects. London, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McKinsey Global Institute. The State of Digital Transformation 2024: What Worked, What Didn't. — New York, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McKinsey Global Institute. The State of Digital Transformation 2024: What Worked, What Didn't. New York, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Bank. Digital Economy Diagnostics for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. — Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Bank. Digital Economy Diagnostics for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gartner. Why 70% of Digital Transformation Projects Fail. — Research Report, 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gartner. Why 70% of Digital Transformation Projects Fail. Research Report, 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Счётная палата РФ. Анализ эффективности внедрения цифровых решений в государственном секторе. — Москва, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation. Analysis of the Effectiveness of Implementing Digital Solutions in the Public Sector. Moscow, 2024. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волков С.А., Кузнецов А.В. Проблемы реализации цифровых инициатив в промышленности РФ // Вестник экономических исследований. — 2023. — № 4. — С. 45–57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volkov S. A., Kuznetsov A. V. Problems of implementing digital initiatives in the industry of the Russian Federation. Bulletin of Economic Research. 2023; 4:45–57. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
