<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2025-52-1-162-172</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-1710</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модификация автоматического метода извлечения причинно-следственных связей, основанного на шаблонах и Байесовском классификаторе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modification of an automatic method for extracting causal relationships based on templates and a Bayesian classifier</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штанчаев</surname><given-names>Х. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtanchaev</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Штанчаев Хайрутин Баширович, кандидат технических наук, доцент, кафедра программного обеспечения вычислительной техники и автоматизированных систем, старший инженер АСУТП,</p><p>1367015, г. Махачкала проспект Имама Шамиля 70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hairutin B. Shtanchaev, Cand. Sci. (Eng), Assoc. Prof., Department of Software for Computer Engineering and Automated Systems, Senior Engineer of APCS,</p><p>170 I. Shamil Ave., Makhachkala 367015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shtanchaev.h@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мугутдинов</surname><given-names>З. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mugutdinov</surname><given-names>Z. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мугутдинов Залибек Темирланович, аспирант, кафедра программного обеспечения вычислительной техники и автоматизированных систем,</p><p>2368080, Республика Дагестан, с. Коркмаскала, Заводская ул, зд.1 стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zalibek T. Mugutdinov, Postgraduate Student, Department of Software for Computer Engineering and Automated Systems,</p><p>1 Zavodskaya St., Republic of Daghestan, s. Korkmaskala 368080</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalik737@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Daghestan State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Салаватстекло Каспий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>OOO "Salavatsteklo Caspian"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>52</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>162</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Штанчаев Х.Б., Мугутдинов З.Т., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Штанчаев Х.Б., Мугутдинов З.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shtanchaev Н.В., Mugutdinov Z.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1710">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1710</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Целью исследования является модификация автоматического метода извлечения причинно-следственных связей.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Исследование основано на оригинальном методе Антоние Соргенте с его последующей модификацией.</p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. Предложен метод извлечения причинно-следственных связей. Метод предполагает комбинированное использование статистических данных и машинных методов. Оригинальный метод был модифицирован переводом работы метода на современные библиотеки, такие как NLTK и Spacy. Правила, сформированные автором, были переработаны и добавлены в модуль Dependency Matcher библиотеки Spacy. Количество ключевых слов по каждому правилу были увеличены. Метод так же предполагает учет синонимов, подсчет Байесовской статистики и сглаживание Лапласа для нулевых вероятностей. Исходя из разности данных с ПСС и без, был введен коэффициент multiplier для компенсации перекоса классов в данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Разработанный метод был протестирован на исходных данных оригинального метода и показал улучшенные метрики относительно оригинального метода на тренировочных и тестовых данных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of the study is to modify the automatic method for extracting cause-and-effect relationships.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Method. The study is based on the original method of Antonie Sorgente with its subsequent modification.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>Result. A method for extracting cause-and-effect relationships is proposed. The method involves the combined use of statistical data and machine methods. The original method was modified by translating the method to modern libraries such as NLTK and Spacy. The rules formed by the author were reworked and added to the Dependency Matcher module of the Spacy library. The number of keywords for each rule was increased. The method also takes into account synonyms, calculates Bayesian statistics and smooths Laplace for zero probabilities. Based on the difference in data with and without PSS, a multiplier coefficient was introduced to compensate for the skew of classes in the data.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed method was tested on the original data of the original method and showed improved metrics relative to the original method on training and test data.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>причинно-следственные связи</kwd><kwd>обработка естественного языка</kwd><kwd>NLTK</kwd><kwd>Spacy</kwd><kwd>причинность</kwd><kwd>причина</kwd><kwd>следствие</kwd><kwd>статические методы</kwd><kwd>нестатические методы</kwd><kwd>машинные методы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cause and effect</kwd><kwd>natural language processing</kwd><kwd>NLTK</kwd><kwd>Spacy</kwd><kwd>causality</kwd><kwd>cause</kwd><kwd>effect</kwd><kwd>static methods</kwd><kwd>non-static methods</kwd><kwd>machine methods</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Штанчаев Х.Б. Нестатистические методы автоматического извлечения причинно-следственных связей из текста / Х.Б. Штанчаев // Известия ЮФУ. Технические науки. – 2023. – № 2(232). – С. 273- 280. – DOI 10.18522/2311-3103-2023-2-273-280. – EDN JZUBSO.1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shtanchaev H.B. Non-statistical methods of automatic extracting causal relationship from text// H.B. Shtanchaev. Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2023;2(232):273-280. – DOI 10.18522/2311-3103- 2023-2-273-280. – EDN JZUBSO.1. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Штанчаев, Х.Б. Статистические и машинные методы автоматического извлечения причинноследственных связей из текста (обзор) / Х.Б. Штанчаев // Известия ЮФУ. Технические науки. – 2023. – № 6(236). – С. 105-114. – DOI 10.18522/2311-3103-2023-6-105-114. – EDN TBHUWW.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shtanchaev, H.B. Statistical methods of automatic extracting causal relationship from text(review)// H.B. Shtanchaev. Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2023;6(236):105-114. – DOI 10.18522/2311-3103-2023-6-105-114. – EDN TBHUWW. (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fellbaum, Christiane (2005). WordNet and wordnets. In: Brown, Keith et al. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, Second Edition, Oxford: Elsevier, 665-670.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fellbaum, Christiane (2005). WordNet and wordnets. In: Brown, Keith et al. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, Second Edition, Oxford: Elsevier, 665-670.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">VerbNet. A Computational Lexical Resourse for Verbs. Интернет-ресурс. Способ доступа - https://verbs.colorado.edu/verbnet/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">VerbNet. A Computational Lexical Resourse for Verbs. Internet-resurs. Sposob dostupa - https://verbs.colorado.edu/verbnet/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Text Rettieval Conference(TREC). Интернет-ресурс. Способ доступа - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_Retrieval_Conference</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Text Rettieval Conference(TREC). Internet-resurs. Sposob dostupa - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_Retrieval_Conference</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">G.V. a. F.M. Antonio Sorgente, "Automatic extraction of cause-effect relations in," Institute of Cybernetics “Eduardo Caianiello” of the National Research Council, Январь 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">G.V. a. F.M. Antonio Sorgente. Automatic extraction of cause-effect relations in. Institute of Cybernetics “Eduardo Caianiello” of the National Research Council, Yanvar' 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">L.A. Dalton, E.R. Dougherty. Optimal Bayesian Classification, SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2020, 363p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">L.A. Dalton, E.R. Dougherty. Optimal Bayesian Classification, SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2020:363p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sayed, A.H. Inference and Learning from Data: Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. – 2022, Chapter 55, 2341-2356</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sayed, A.H. Inference and Learning from Data: Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. – Chapter 55, 2022:2341-2356</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ananda P. Noto, Dewi R.S. Saputro; Classification data mining with Laplacian Smoothing on Naïve Bayes method. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 November 2022; 2566 (1): 030004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ananda P. Noto, Dewi R.S. Saputro; Classification data mining with Laplacian Smoothing on Naïve Bayes method. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 November 2022; 2566 (1): 030004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dependency Matcher Интернет-ресурс. Способ доступа - https://spacy.io/usage/rule-basedmatching#dependencymatcher.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dependency Matcher Internet-resurs. Sposob dostupa - https://spacy.io/usage/rule-basedmatching#dependencymatcher.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">SpaCy 101. Все что нам нужно знать. Интернет-ресурс. Способ доступа - https://webdevblog.ru/spacy101-vse-chto-vam-nuzhno-znat-chast-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SpaCy 101. Vse chto nam nuzhno znat'. Internet-resurs. Sposob dostupa - https://webdevblog.ru/spacy-101- vse-chto-vam-nuzhno-znat-chast-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Метрики качества моделей бинарной классификации. Интернет-ресурс. Способ доступа - https://loginom.ru/blog/classification-quality</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Metrics of binary classification. Internet.Link - https://loginom.ru/blog/classification-quality (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
