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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2024-51-4-171-178</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-1629</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО И АРХИТЕКТУРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BUILDING AND ARCHITECTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ формирования воздушных потоков в сопловом клапане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of air flow formation in a nozzle valve</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-1669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамкина</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramkina</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абрамкина Дарья Викторовна, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент, кафедра теплогазоснабжения и вентиляции</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, 25</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria V. Abramkina, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assoc. Prof., Assoc. Prof., Department of Ventilation and Heat and Gas Supply</p><p>Yaroslavskoe highway, 26, Moscow 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dabramkina@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4937-9843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Ангелина Олеговна, аспирант, кафедра теплогазоснабжения и вентиляции</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, 25</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Angelina O. Ivanova, Postgraduate Student, Department of Ventilation and Heat and Gas Supply</p><p>Yaroslavskoe highway, 26, Moscow 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanova.angeli@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-9302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>Д. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>D. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Денис Федорович, старший преподаватель, кафедра теплогазоводоснабжения</p><p>160000, г. Вологда, ул. Ленина, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis F. Karpov, Senior Lecturer, Department of Heat, Gas and Water Supply</p><p>15 Lenin St., Vologda 160000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpovdf@vogu35.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-5494</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вафаева</surname><given-names>Х. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vafaeva</surname><given-names>Kh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вафаева Христина Максудовна, инженер-исследователь, лаборатория самовосстанавливающихся конструкционных материалов</p><p>3195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29 литера Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khristina M. Vafaeva, Research Engineer, Laboratory of Self-Healing Structural Materials</p><p>29 letter B Polytechnique St., Saint-Petersburg 195251</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vafaeva.khm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронов Александр Сергеевич, аспирант</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Voronov, Postgraduate student</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1142220725@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный строительный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вологодский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vologda State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>51</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>171</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абрамкина Д.В., Иванова А.О., Карпов Д.Ф., Вафаева Х.М., Воронов А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абрамкина Д.В., Иванова А.О., Карпов Д.Ф., Вафаева Х.М., Воронов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abramkina D.V., Ivanova A.O., Karpov D.F., Vafaeva K.M., Voronov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1629">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1629</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Для проведения корректной оценки воздействия систем вентиляции на акустическую обстановку помещения необходимо определять длину вихревой зоны, формирующейся при прохождении воздушного потока через дросселирующие устройства. В статье рассматриваются результаты моделирования соплового клапана с изменяющимся проходным сечением в процессе его открытия и закрытия. Метод. Анализ сценариев формирования воздушного потока при различных положениях регулирующей диафрагмы производился с помощью метода вычислительной гидродинамики (CFD) в программном комплексе Ansys Fluent. Результат. При уменьшении площади проходного сечения наблюдается резкое локальное повышение скорости воздушного потока, а также формирование вихревых зон и обратных течений, возникающих вследствие эффекта эжекции. Вывод. Наличие сложных турбулентных потоков в вентиляционной сети приводит к повышению уровней звукового давления и шуму, проникающему в обслуживаемое помещение. Выявленные значительные отклонения от максимальной рекомендуемой скорости в зависимости от сценария открытия клапана подчеркивают важность учета дросселирующих устройств при проведении акустических расчетов. Анализ длины участка стабилизации течения позволяет определить оптимальное месторасположение соплового клапана и исключить размыкание вихревой зоны при совместном взаимодействии местных сопротивлений (воздухораспределительных устройств, тройников, отводов и клапанов постоянного расхода воздуха). Для снижения риска возникновения повышенных шумов рекомендуется размещение соплового клапана на прямом участке воздуховода, длиной не менее одного калибра до и трех калибров после дросселирующего устройства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To accurately assess the impact of ventilation systems on the acoustic environment of a room, it is necessary to determine the length of the vortex zone that forms as the air flow passes through throttling devices. The article examines the results of modeling a nozzle valve with a variable cross-section during its opening and closing processes. Method. The analysis of airflow formation scenarios at various positions of the control diaphragm was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in the Ansys Fluent software package. Result. As the cross-sectional flow area decreases, a sharp local increase in airflow velocity is observed, along with the formation of vortex zones and reverse flows resulting from the ejection effect. Conclusion. The presence of complex turbulent flows in the ventilation network leads to increased sound pressure levels and noise penetrating the serviced space. Significant deviations from the recommended maximum velocity, depending on the valve opening scenario, highlight the importance of considering throttling devices in acoustic calculations. Analyzing the length of the flow stabilization section enables optimal placement of the nozzle valve, preventing the vortex zone from breaking up due to the combined influence of local resistances (air distribution devices, tees, bends, and constant airflow valves). To reduce the risk of increased noise, it is recommended to position the nozzle valve on a straight duct section, with a length of at least one duct diameter before and three duct diameters after the throttling device.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шум</kwd><kwd>шумовые характеристики</kwd><kwd>ирисовый клапан</kwd><kwd>сопловой клапан</kwd><kwd>вихревая зона</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>noise characteristics</kwd><kwd>iris valve</kwd><kwd>nozzle valve</kwd><kwd>vortex zone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лешко М.Ю. 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