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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vdgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Дагестанского государственного технического университета. Технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6185</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-095X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Daghestan State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21822/2073-6185-2022-49-3-24-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vdgtu-1118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИКА И ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENERGY AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы и перспективы использования наножидкостей в теплоэнергетике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems and prospects for the use of nanofluids in thermal power engineering</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-2144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макеев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makeev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры теоретических основ теплотехники им.М.П. Вукаловича</p><p> 111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, 14, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> and. Sci. (Eng.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Theoretical Foundations of Heat Engineering named after M.P. Vukalovich </p><p> 14 Krasnokazarmennaya Str., Moscow 111250, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tggi@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0009-5391</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирюхин</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiryukhin</surname><given-names>Ya. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> студент, институт энергоэффективности и водородных технологий </p><p> 111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, 14, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Student, Institute of Energy Efficiency and Hydrogen Technologies </p><p> 14 Krasnokazarmennaya Str., Moscow 111250, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ykiruhin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Московский энергетический институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>49</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макеев А.Н., Кирюхин Я.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макеев А.Н., Кирюхин Я.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makeev A.N., Kiryukhin Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1118">https://vestnik.dgtu.ru/jour/article/view/1118</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Целью работы является исследование вопроса использования наножидкостей в качестве теплоносителей для повышения эффективности отвода тепла в энергетических установках. Для решения поставленной задачи были проанализированы материалы отечественных и зарубежных научных статей, конференций и диссертаций касательно тематики наножидкостей. Многочисленные научные публикации, в том числе цитируемые в международных базах данных Web of Science и Scopus, свидетельствуют о том, что тематика наножидкостей находится в фокусе внимания современной науки. Однако, несмотря на достаточно длительный период исследования флюидов, не все вопросы данной тематики достаточно хорошо освещены и систематизированы, что открывает большие возможности для дальнейших исследований в этом направлении.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. При достижении поставленной цели рассмотрены области возможного применения флюидов, механизм их синтеза, особенности их эксплуатации, обозначены достоинства как жидкого теплоносителя, а также выявлены недостатки, препятствующие их широкому применению. Особое внимание уделено таким вопросам как: синтез стандартизированных наножидкостей; обеспечение их стабильных свойств; использование поверхностноактивных веществ; увеличение перепада давления внутри теплообменных аппаратов при эксплуатации теплоносителя.</p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. Для устранения основного недостатка в виде агломерации наночастиц в базовой жидкости предложено использовать колебательную циркуляцию теплоносителя, которая также позволит дополнительно интенсифицировать теплообмен от принудительной турбулизации флюида.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для повышения эффективности работы тепломассообменных аппаратов с жидким теплоносителем и систем на их основе, а также для снижения массогабаритных параметров таких устройств.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of the work is to study the use of nanofluids as heat carriers to increase the efficiency of heat removal in energy facilities. To solve this problem, materials of domestic and foreign scientific articles, conferences and dissertations on the subject of nanofluids were analyzed. Numerous scientific publications, including those cited in the international databases Web of Science and Scopus, indicate that the topic of nanofluids is in the focus of modern science. However, despite a rather long period of fluid research, not all issues of this topic are sufficiently well covered and systematized, which opens up great opportunities for further research in this direction.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Method. When achieving this goal, the areas of possible application of fluids, the mechanism of their synthesis, the features of their operation are considered, the advantages as a liquid coolant are indicated, and the disadvantages that prevent their widespread use are identified. Particular attention is paid to such issues as: synthesis of standardized nanofluids; ensuring their stable properties; the use of surfactants; increasing the pressure drop inside heat exchangers during operation of this coolant.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>Result. To eliminate the main drawback in the form of agglomeration of nanoparticles in the base fluid, it is proposed to use the oscillatory circulation of the coolant, which will also further intensify heat exchange from forced turbulence of the fluid.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to improve the efficiency of heat and mass transfer devices with liquid coolant and systems based on them, as well as to reduce the weight and size parameters of such devices.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интенсификация теплообмена</kwd><kwd>наножидкость</kwd><kwd>нанопорошок</kwd><kwd>базовая жидкость</kwd><kwd>теплоемкость</kwd><kwd>теплопроводность</kwd><kwd>нестабильность наножидкостей</kwd><kwd>агломерация наночастиц</kwd><kwd>импульсная циркуляция теплоносителя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heat transfer intensification</kwd><kwd>nanofluid</kwd><kwd>nanopowder</kwd><kwd>base fluid</kwd><kwd>heat capacity</kwd><kwd>thermal conductivity</kwd><kwd>nanofluid instability</kwd><kwd>nanoparticle agglomeration</kwd><kwd>coolant pulsed circulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ali N., Teixeira J. 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